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Large language models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, are capable of computing affectionately nuanced text that therefore can shape online interactions, including dating. This study explores how individuals experience closeness and romantic interest…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Jessica Szczuka , Lisa Mühl , Paula Ebner , Simon Dubé

The landscape for building conversational interfaces (chatbots) has witnessed a paradigm shift with recent developments in generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) based Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT by OpenAI (GPT3.5 and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Sumit Soman , Ranjani H G

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are reshaping society's production methods and productivity, and also changing the paradigm of scientific research. Among them, the AI language model represented by…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Haoxiang Luo , Jian Luo , Athanasios V. Vasilakos

The increased presence of large language models (LLMs) in educational settings has ignited debates concerning negative repercussions, including overreliance and inadequate task reflection. Our work advocates moderated usage of such models,…

Dialogue-based language models mark a huge milestone in the field of artificial intelligence, by their impressive ability to interact with users, as well as a series of challenging tasks prompted by customized instructions. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Rui Hao , Linmei Hu , Weijian Qi , Qingliu Wu , Yirui Zhang , Liqiang Nie

As AI systems become increasingly integrated into daily life, their potential to exacerbate or trigger severe psychological harms remains poorly understood and inadequately tested. This paper presents a proactive methodology for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Chayapatr Archiwaranguprok , Constanze Albrecht , Pattie Maes , Karrie Karahalios , Pat Pataranutaporn

With the rapid popularity of large language models such as ChatGPT and GPT-4, a growing amount of attention is paid to their safety concerns. These models may generate insulting and discriminatory content, reflect incorrect social values,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Hao Sun , Zhexin Zhang , Jiawen Deng , Jiale Cheng , Minlie Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, largely attributed to the intricate alignment process using human feedback. While alignment has become an essential training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Bocheng Chen , Hanqing Guo , Guangjing Wang , Yuanda Wang , Qiben Yan

LLMs produce harmful and undesirable behavior when trained on datasets containing even a small fraction of poisoned data. We demonstrate that GPT models remain vulnerable to fine-tuning on poisoned data, even when safeguarded by moderation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Dillon Bowen , Brendan Murphy , Will Cai , David Khachaturov , Adam Gleave , Kellin Pelrine

Recent advances in natural language processing and machine learning have led to the development of chatbot models, such as ChatGPT, that can engage in conversational dialogue with human users. However, the ability of these models to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Bocheng Chen , Guangjing Wang , Hanqing Guo , Yuanda Wang , Qiben Yan

Despite the many use cases for large language models (LLMs) in creating personalized chatbots, there has been limited research on evaluating the extent to which the behaviors of personalized LLMs accurately and consistently reflect specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Hang Jiang , Xiajie Zhang , Xubo Cao , Cynthia Breazeal , Deb Roy , Jad Kabbara

Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in the form of large language models (LLMs) or chatbots, has become increasingly integrated into our daily lives. In the past five years, several LLMs have been introduced, including ChatGPT by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Mouhacine Benosman

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly mediate our social, cultural, and political interactions. While they can simulate some aspects of human behavior and decision-making, it is still underexplored whether repeated interactions with…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Farnoosh Hashemi , Michael W. Macy

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT are increasingly integrated into high-stakes decision-making, yet little is known about their susceptibility to social influence. We conducted three preregistered conformity experiments with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Clarissa Sabrina Arlinghaus , Tristan Kenneweg , Barbara Hammer , Günter W. Maier

As artificial intelligence technology continues to advance, chatbots are becoming increasingly powerful. Among them, ChatGPT, launched by OpenAI, has garnered widespread attention globally due to its powerful natural language processing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yushan Xiang , Zhongwen Li , Xiaoqi Li

ChatGPT embarks on a new era of artificial intelligence and will revolutionize the way we approach intelligent traffic safety systems. This paper begins with a brief introduction about the development of large language models (LLMs). Next,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Ou Zheng , Mohamed Abdel-Aty , Dongdong Wang , Zijin Wang , Shengxuan Ding

Large language models, e.g. ChatGPT are currently contributing enormously to make artificial intelligence even more popular, especially among the general population. However, such chatbot models were developed as tools to support natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Jianlong Zhou , Heimo Müller , Andreas Holzinger , Fang Chen

The rapid adoption of Generative AI (GenAI) based on Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has recently and profoundly impacted education, offering transformative opportunities while raising significant concerns. In this study we…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Jérémie Sublime , Ilaria Renna

Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPTs), particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, have proven effective in content generation and productivity enhancement. However, legal risks associated with these tools lead to adoption…

General Economics · Economics 2025-04-03 Cathy Yang , David Restrepo Amariles , Leo Allen , Aurore Troussel

ChatGPT is currently the most popular large language model (LLM), with over 100 million users, making a significant impact on people's lives. However, due to the presence of jailbreak vulnerabilities, ChatGPT might have negative effects on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Poorna Chander Reddy Puttaparthi , Soham Sanjay Deo , Hakan Gul , Yiming Tang , Weiyi Shang , Zhe Yu