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Power efficiency is a critical design objective in modern CPU design. Architects need a fast yet accurate architecture-level power evaluation tool to perform early-stage power estimation. However, traditional analytical architecture-level…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Qijun Zhang , Yao Lu , Mengming Li , Zhiyao Xie

The growing demand for optimal and low-power energy consumption paradigms for IOT devices has garnered significant attention due to their cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and intelligibility. In this article, an AI hardware energy-efficient…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Zheqi Yu , Chao Zhang , Pedro Machado , Adnan Zahid , Tim. Fernandez-Hart , Muhammad A. Imran , Qammer H. Abbasi

Existing power modelling research focuses not on the method used for developing models but rather on the model itself. This paper aims to develop a method for deploying power models on emerging processors that will be used, for example, in…

Performance · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Kai Chen , Blesson Varghese , Peter Kilpatrick , Dimitrios S. Nikolopoulos

In the exascale era in which application behavior has large power & energy footprints, per-application job-level awareness of such impression is crucial in taking steps towards achieving efficiency goals beyond performance, such as energy…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Ahmad Maroof Karimi , Naw Safrin Sattar , Woong Shin , Feiyi Wang

This article provides a survey of academic literature about field programmable gate array (FPGA) and their utilization for energy efficiency acceleration in data centers. The goal is to critically present the existing FPGA energy…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Mattia Tibaldi , Christian Pilato

Heterogeneous computing, which combines devices with different architectures, is rising in popularity, and promises increased performance combined with reduced energy consumption. OpenCL has been proposed as a standard for programing such…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Thomas L. Falch , Anne C. Elster

Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are widely used in modern hardware design, yet writing Hardware Description Language (HDL) code for FPGA implementation remains a complex and time-consuming task. Large Language Models (LLMs) have…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ce Guo , Tong Zhao

Heterogeneous computing can potentially offer significant performance and performance per watt improvements over homogeneous computing, but the question "what is the ideal mapping of algorithms to architectures?" remains an open one. In the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-05-24 Oren Segal , Nasibeh Nasiri , Martin Margala

This paper presents and justifies an open benchmark suite named BEEBS, targeted at evaluating the energy consumption of embedded processors. We explore the possible sources of energy consumption, then select individual benchmarks from…

Performance · Computer Science 2013-10-01 James Pallister , Simon Hollis , Jeremy Bennett

Energy consumption is a growing concern in several fields, from mobile devices to large data centers. Developers need detailed data on the energy consumption of their software to mitigate consumption issues. Previous approaches have a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Joel Nyholm , Wojciech Mostowski , Christoph Reichenbach

Memory-bound algorithms show complex performance and energy consumption behavior on multicore processors. We choose the lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM) on an Intel Sandy Bridge cluster as a prototype scenario to investigate if and how…

Performance · Computer Science 2015-05-25 Markus Wittmann , Georg Hager , Thomas Zeiser , Jan Treibig , Gerhard Wellein

As large language models (LLMs) and visual language models (VLMs) grow in scale and application, attention mechanisms have become a central computational bottleneck due to their high memory and time complexity. While many efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Zhengyu Tian , Anantha Padmanaban Krishna Kumar , Hemant Krishnakumar , Reza Rawassizadeh

This paper introduces a methodology to develop energy models for the design space exploration of embedded many-core systems. The design process of such systems can benefit from sophisticated models. Software and hardware can be specifically…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-16 Christian Klarhorst , Martin Flasskamp , Johannes Ax , Thorsten Jungeblut , Wayne Kelly , Mario Porrmann , Ulrich Rückert

While FPGA accelerator boards and their respective high-level design tools are maturing, there is still a lack of multi-FPGA applications, libraries, and not least, benchmarks and reference implementations towards sustained HPC usage of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Marius Meyer , Tobias Kenter , Christian Plessl

Recent technological advances have greatly improved the performance and features of embedded systems. With the number of just mobile devices now reaching nearly equal to the population of earth, embedded systems have truly become…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-01-07 Sparsh Mittal

Computing systems have shifted towards highly parallel and heterogeneous architectures to tackle the challenges imposed by limited power budgets. These architectures must be supported by novel power management paradigms addressing the…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Sergio Mazzola , Thomas Benz , Björn Forsberg , Luca Benini

Machine learning (ML) is moving towards edge devices. However, ML models with high computational demands and energy consumption pose challenges for ML inference in resource-constrained environments, such as the deep sea. To address these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Yushan Huang , Hamed Haddadi

The increasing attention on deep learning has tremendously spurred the design of intelligence processing hardware. The variety of emerging intelligence processors requires standard benchmarks for fair comparison and system optimization (in…

High-level synthesis (HLS) enables designers to customize hardware designs efficiently. However, it is still challenging to foresee the correlation between power consumption and HLS-based applications at an early design stage. To overcome…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-03 Zhe Lin , Jieru Zhao , Sharad Sinha , Wei Zhang

Modern Out-of-Order (OoO) CPUs are complex systems with many components interleaved in non-trivial ways. Pinpointing performance bottlenecks and understanding the underlying causes of program performance issues are critical tasks to fully…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Alban Dutilleul , Hugo Pompougnac , Nicolas Derumigny , Gabriel Rodriguez , Valentin Trophime , Christophe Guillon , Fabrice Rastello
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