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Let $Z^{(k)}(t)$ be the $k$-th derivative of Hardy's $Z$-function. The numerics seem to suggest that if $k$ and $\ell$ have the same parity, then the zeros of $Z^{(k)}(t)$ and $Z^{(\ell)}(t)$ come in pairs which are very close to each…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-12 Hung M. Bui , R. R. Hall

Let $Z(t)$ be the classical Hardy function in the theory of the Riemann zeta-function. The main result in this paper is that if the Riemann hypothesis is true then for any positive integer $n$ there exists a $t_{n}>0$ such that for…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-11 Kaneaki Matsuoka

Hardy's $Z$-function $Z(t)$ is a real-valued function of the real valuable $t$, and its zeros exactly correspond to those of the Riemann zeta-function on the critical line. In 2012, K.~Matsuoka showed that for any non-negative integer $k$,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Hirotaka Kobayashi

Occurrences of very close zeros of the Riemann zeta function are strongly connected with Lehmer pairs and with the Riemann Hypothesis. The aim of the present note is to derive a condition for a pair of consecutive simple zeros of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-04-18 Aleksander Simonič

Update: This result was obtained by Milinovich with a better error term. He used $\zeta'(s)$, but we considered $Z'(t)$. We corrected a typo in the main theorem. We consider the sum of the square of the derivative of Hardy's $Z$-function…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-22 Hirotaka Kobayashi

Y\i ld\i r\i m obtained an asymptotic formula of the discrete moment of $|\zeta(\frac{1}{2}+it)|$ over the zero of the higher derivatives of Hardy's $Z$-function. We give a generalization of his result on Hardy's $Z$-function.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-04 Hirotaka Kobayashi

Let as usual $Z(t) = \zeta(1/2+it)\chi^{-1/2}(1/2+it)$ denote Hardy's function, where $\zeta(s) = \chi(s)\zeta(1-s)$. Assuming the Riemann hypothesis upper and lower bounds for some integrals involving $Z(t)$ and $Z'(t)$ are proved. It is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-07 Aleksandar Ivić

In this article, we extend the result of Conrey [5, Theorem 2] to shorter intervals for higher-order derivatives of the zeta function. That is we study the mean value of the product of two finite order derivatives of the zeta function…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-24 Mithun Kumar Das , Sudhir Pujahari

It is shown explicitly how the sign of Hardy's function $Z(t)$ depends on the parity of the zero-counting function $N(T)$. Two existing definitions of this function are analyzed, and some related problems are discussed.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-16 Aleksandar Ivić

In this paper, first by employing inequalities derived from the Opial inequality due to David Boyd with best constant, we will establish new unconditional lower bounds for the gaps between the zeros of the Riemann zeta function. Second, on…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-06-23 S. H. Saker

In this paper, we will employ the Opial and Wirtinger type inequalities to derive some conditional and unconditional lower bounds for the gaps between the zeros of the Riemann zeta-function. First, we prove (unconditionally) that the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-06-23 S. H. Saker

The main aim of this paper is twofold. First we generalize, in a novel way, most of the known non-vanishing results for the derivatives of the Riemann zeta function by establishing the existence of an infinite sequence of regions in the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-13 Thomas Binder , Sebastian Pauli , Filip Saidak

In this paper, we prove the lower bound of the unconditional large gap is 3.5555 which improves the obtained value 3.079 in the literature. Next, on the hypothesis that the moments of the Hardy Z-function and its derivatives are correctly…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-06-23 S. H. Saker

We prove lower bounds for the discrete negative $2k$th moment of the derivative of the Riemann zeta function for all fractional $k\geqslant 0$. The bounds are in line with a conjecture of Gonek and Hejhal. Along the way, we prove a general…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-19 Winston Heap , Junxian Li , Jing Zhao

The second moment of the Riemann zeta-function twisted by a normalized Dirichlet polynomial with coefficients of the form $(\mu \star \Lambda_1^{\star k_1} \star \Lambda_2^{\star k_2} \star \cdots \star \Lambda_d^{\star k_d})$ is computed…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-12 Kyle Pratt , Nicolas Robles , Alexandru Zaharescu , Dirk Zeindler

We show that the generalized Riemann hypothesis implies that there are infinitely many consecutive zeros of the Riemann zeta function whose spacing is 2.9125 times larger than the average spacing. This is deduced from the calculation of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Nathan Ng

We study the $2k$-th discrete moment of the derivative of the Riemann zeta-function at nontrivial zeros to establish sharp lower bounds for all real $k \geq 0$ under the Riemann hypothesis (RH).

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-08 Peng Gao

We settle a conjecture of Farmer and Ki in a stronger form. Roughly speaking we show that there is a positive proportion of small gaps between consecutive zeros of the zeta-function $\zeta(s)$ if and only if there is a positive proportion…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-01-16 Maksym Radziwill

In 1914, Hardy proved that infinitely many non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function lie on the critical line using the transformation formula of the Jacobi theta function. Recently the first author obtained an integral representation…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-25 Atul Dixit , Rahul Kumar , Bibekananda Maji , Alexandru Zaharescu

This is primarily an overview article on some results and problems involving the classical Hardy function $$ Z(t) := \zeta(1/2+it){\bigl(\chi(1/2+it)\bigr)}^{-1/2}, \quad \zeta(s) = \chi(s)\zeta(1-s). $$ In particular, we discuss the first…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-02-09 Aleksandar Ivić
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