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We present the first demonstration of an end-to-end pipeline with quantum error correction (QEC) for a quantum computation of the electronic structure of molecular systems. We calculate the ground-state energy of molecular hydrogen, using…

Quantum computation, a completely different paradigm of computing, benefits from theoretically proven speed-ups for certain problems and opens up the possibility of exactly studying the properties of quantum systems. Yet, because of the…

Quantum phase estimation (QPE) is a central algorithmic primitive that estimates eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian up to precision $\epsilon$ in Heisenberg-limited time $T=\Theta(1/\epsilon)$. Standard gate-based implementations of QPE require…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Alexander Schmidhuber , Seth Lloyd

Here we revisit the quantum phase estimation (QPE) algorithm, and devise an iterative method to improve the precision of QPE with propagators over a variety of time spans. For a given propagator and a certain eigenstate as input, QPE with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-09 Junxu Li

Quantum Amplitude Estimation (QAE) -- a technique by which the amplitude of a given quantum state can be estimated with quadratically fewer queries than by standard sampling -- is a key sub-routine in several important quantum algorithms,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-26 Eric G. Brown , Oktay Goktas , W. K. Tham

We develop several algorithms for performing quantum phase estimation based on basic measurements and classical post-processing. We present a pedagogical review of quantum phase estimation and simulate the algorithm to numerically determine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-30 Krysta M. Svore , Matthew B. Hastings , Michael Freedman

We provide a modification to the quantum phase estimation algorithm (QPEA) inspired on classical windowing methods for spectral density estimation. From this modification we obtain an upper bound in the cost that implies a cubic improvement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Gumaro Rendon , Taku Izubuchi , Yuta Kikuchi

Over the past three decades significant reductions have been made to the cost of estimating ground-state energies of molecular Hamiltonians with quantum computers. However, comparatively little attention has been paid to estimating the…

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is essential for the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era, and will remain relevant for early fault-tolerant quantum computers, where logical error rates are still significant. However, most QEM methods incur…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Pablo Díez-Valle , Gaurav Saxena , Jack S. Baker , Jun-Ho Lee , Thi Ha Kyaw

Despite rapid advances in quantum hardware, noise remains a central obstacle to deploying quantum algorithms on near-term devices. In particular, random coherent errors that accumulate during circuit execution constitute a dominant and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Suying Liu , Yulong Dong , Dong An , Murphy Yuezhen Niu

We experimentally demonstrate a qubit-efficient variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm using a superconducting quantum processor, employing minimal quantum resources with only a transmon qubit coupled to a high-coherence photonic…

The readout error on near-term quantum devices is one of the dominant noise factors, which can be mitigated by classical postprocessing called quantum readout error mitigation (QREM). The standard QREM applies the inverse of noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-16 Bo Yang , Rudy Raymond , Shumpei Uno

Quantum algorithms for ground-state energy estimation of chemical systems require a high-quality initial state. However, initial state preparation is commonly either neglected entirely, or assumed to be solved by a simple product state like…

We propose an approach for quantum amplitude estimation (QAE) designed to enhance computational efficiency while minimizing the reliance on quantum resources. Our method leverages quantum computers to generate a sequence of signals, from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Yongdan Yang , Ruyu Yang

In this review, we give an overview of the proposed applications in the early-FTQC (EFTQC) era. Starting from the error correction architecture for EFTQC device, we first review the recently developed space-time efficient analogue rotation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-13 Ming-Zhi Chung , Andreas Thomasen , Henry Liao , Ryosuke Imai

Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) routines are known to fail probabilistically even with perfect gates and input states. This effect stems from an incompatibility of finite-sized quantum registers to capture a phase within QPE with phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Harriet Apel , Cristian L. Cortes , Jessica Lemieux , Mark Steudtner

Quantum computers are expected to perform the full-configuration interaction calculations with less computational resources compared to classical ones, thanks to the use of the quantum phase estimation (QPE) algorithms. However, only a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-05 Yusuke Ino , Misaki Yonekawa , Hideto Yuzawa , Yuichiro Minato , Kenji Sugisaki

Filtering is an important technique in quantum computing used for isolating or enhancing some specific states of quantum many-body systems. In this paper, we analyze the performance of filters based on the quantum phase estimation (QPE)…

This paper explores the utility of the quantum phase estimation (QPE) in calculating high-energy excited states characterized by promotions of electrons occupying inner energy shells. These states have been intensively studied over the last…

Progress in fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) has driven the pursuit of practical applications with early fault-tolerant quantum computers (EFTQC). These devices, limited in their qubit counts and fault-tolerance capabilities,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-06 Qiyao Liang , Yiqing Zhou , Archismita Dalal , Peter D. Johnson