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Generative diffusion models have recently emerged as a leading approach for generating high-dimensional data. In this paper, we show that the dynamics of these models exhibit a spontaneous symmetry breaking that divides the generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Gabriel Raya , Luca Ambrogioni

This paper explores the problem of generative modeling, aiming to simulate diverse examples from an unknown distribution based on observed examples. While recent studies have focused on quantifying the statistical precision of popular…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-07 Elen Vardanyan , Sona Hunanyan , Tigran Galstyan , Arshak Minasyan , Arnak Dalalyan

We introduce a novel training principle for probabilistic models that is an alternative to maximum likelihood. The proposed Generative Stochastic Networks (GSN) framework is based on learning the transition operator of a Markov chain whose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-29 Guillaume Alain , Yoshua Bengio , Li Yao , Jason Yosinski , Eric Thibodeau-Laufer , Saizheng Zhang , Pascal Vincent

Schr\"{o}dinger bridge is a diffusion process that steers a given distribution to another in a prescribed time while minimizing the effort to do so. It can be seen as the stochastic dynamical version of the optimal mass transport, and has…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Alexis M. H. Teter , Wenqing Wang , Abhishek Halder

Identifying the drift and diffusion of an SDE from its population dynamics is a notoriously challenging task. Researchers in machine learning and single-cell biology have only been able to prove a partial identifiability result: for…

We give an efficient algorithm to generate a graph from a distribution $\epsilon$-close to $G(n,p)$, in the sense of total variation distance. In particular, if $p$ is represented with $O(\log n)$-bit accuracy, then, with high probability,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-07-13 Antonio Blanca , Milena Mihail

Generating samples from limited information is a fundamental problem across scientific domains. Classical maximum entropy methods provide principled uncertainty quantification from moment constraints but require sampling via MCMC or…

We present a method to sample Markov-chain trajectories constrained to both the initial and final conditions, which we term Markov bridges. The trajectories are conditioned to end in a specific state at a given time. We derive the master…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-01-07 Guillaume Le Treut , Sarah Ancheta , Greg Huber , Henri Orland , David Yllanes

Given a set of $K$ probability densities, we consider the multimarginal generative modeling problem of learning a joint distribution that recovers these densities as marginals. The structure of this joint distribution should identify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Michael S. Albergo , Nicholas M. Boffi , Michael Lindsey , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

We construct and analyze generative diffusions that transport a point mass to a prescribed target distribution over a finite time horizon using the stochastic interpolant framework. The drift is expressed as a conditional expectation that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Yifan Chen , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

We introduce a probabilistic generative model for disentangling spatio-temporal disease trajectories from series of high-dimensional brain images. The model is based on spatio-temporal matrix factorization, where inference on the sources is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-11 Clement Abi Nader , Nicholas Ayache , Philippe Robert , Marco Lorenzi

Score-based generative models (SGMs) are generative models that are in the spotlight these days. Time-series frequently occurs in our daily life, e.g., stock data, climate data, and so on. Especially, time-series forecasting and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Haksoo Lim , Minjung Kim , Sewon Park , Noseong Park

We propose a hierarchical tensor-network approach for approximating high-dimensional probability density via empirical distribution. This leverages randomized singular value decomposition (SVD) techniques and involves solving linear…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Yifan Peng , Yian Chen , E. Miles Stoudenmire , Yuehaw Khoo

Creating noise from data is easy; creating data from noise is generative modeling. We present a stochastic differential equation (SDE) that smoothly transforms a complex data distribution to a known prior distribution by slowly injecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Yang Song , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein , Diederik P. Kingma , Abhishek Kumar , Stefano Ermon , Ben Poole

We study a semimartingale optimal transport problem interpolating between the Schr\"odinger bridge and the stretched Brownian motion associated with the Bass solution of the Skorokhod embedding problem. The cost combines an entropy term on…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Pierre Henry-Labordere , Grégoire Loeper , Othmane Mazhar , Huyên Pham , Nizar Touzi

This paper introduces a novel deep-learning-based approach for numerical simulation of a time-evolving Schr\"odinger equation inspired by stochastic mechanics and generative diffusion models. Unlike existing approaches, which exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Elena Orlova , Aleksei Ustimenko , Ruoxi Jiang , Peter Y. Lu , Rebecca Willett

Structural Health Monitoring plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety, reliability, and longevity of bridge infrastructures through early damage detection. Although recent advances in deep learning-based models have enabled automated…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Sasan Farhadi , Mariateresa Iavarone , Mauro Corrado , Eleni Chatzi , Giulio Ventura

Computational methods for learning to sample from the Boltzmann distribution -- where the target distribution is known only up to an unnormalized energy function -- have advanced significantly recently. Due to the lack of explicit target…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-26 Guan-Horng Liu , Jaemoo Choi , Yongxin Chen , Benjamin Kurt Miller , Ricky T. Q. Chen

We consider the problem of simulating diffusion bridges, which are diffusion processes that are conditioned to initialize and terminate at two given states. The simulation of diffusion bridges has applications in diverse scientific fields…

Computation · Statistics 2025-06-19 Jeremy Heng , Valentin De Bortoli , Arnaud Doucet , James Thornton

Spatio-temporal modeling is foundational for smart city applications, yet it is often hindered by data scarcity in many cities and regions. To bridge this gap, we propose a novel generative pre-training framework, GPD, for spatio-temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Yuan Yuan , Chenyang Shao , Jingtao Ding , Depeng Jin , Yong Li
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