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Dysfluent speech modeling requires time-accurate and silence-aware transcription at both the word-level and phonetic-level. However, current research in dysfluency modeling primarily focuses on either transcription or detection, and the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-21 Jiachen Lian , Carly Feng , Naasir Farooqi , Steve Li , Anshul Kashyap , Cheol Jun Cho , Peter Wu , Robbie Netzorg , Tingle Li , Gopala Krishna Anumanchipalli

Label-free microscopy exploits light scattering to obtain a three-dimensional image of biological tissues. However, light propagation is affected by aberrations and multiple scattering, which drastically degrade the image quality and limit…

Ultrasound vortices have rapidly expanded their applications to areas like particle trapping, contactless manipulation, acoustic communications. In ultrasonic imaging and therapy involving bone tissues, these vortex beams offer intriguing…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Zhongtao Hu

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) analyzes the autocorrelation function of photons scattered by red blood cells, enabling non-invasive, continuous measurement of deep tissue blood flow at the bedside. Multi-layer DCS models (two- and…

Given its real-time capability to quantify mechanical tissue properties, ultrasound shear wave elastography holds significant promise in clinical musculoskeletal imaging. However, existing shear wave elastography methods fall short in…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-06-07 Bryan J. Ranger , Kevin M. Moerman , Micha Feigin , Hugh M. Herr , Brian W. Anthony

Obtaining high-resolution (HR) segmentations from coarse annotations is a pervasive challenge in computer vision. Applications include inferring pixel-level segmentations from token-level labels in vision transformers, upsampling coarse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xiaoling Hu , Peirong Liu , Dina Zemlyanker , Jonathan Williams Ramirez , Oula Puonti , Juan Eugenio Iglesias

Background: This protocol introduces an ultrasound (US) configuration for whole-body 3D dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) imaging in preclinical applications. The set-up relies on a clinical abdominal matrix US probe to enable…

Diagnostic imaging plays a critical role in healthcare, serving as a fundamental asset for timely diagnosis, disease staging and management as well as for treatment choice, planning, guidance, and follow-up. Among the diagnostic imaging…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-24 Ruud JG van Sloun , Jong Chul Ye , Yonina C Eldar

Super-resolution is widely used in medical imaging to enhance low-quality data, reducing scan time and improving abnormality detection. Conventional super-resolution approaches typically rely on paired datasets of downsampled and original…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Xiaoyi Wen , Fei Jiang

Diffusion MRI (dMRI) is the primary imaging modality used to study brain microstructure in vivo. Reliable and computationally efficient parameter inference for common dMRI biophysical models is a challenging inverse problem, due to factors…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-03 William Consagra , Lipeng Ning , Yogesh Rathi

Understanding 3D medical image volumes is a critical task in the medical domain. However, existing 3D convolution and transformer-based methods have limited semantic understanding of an image volume and also need a large set of volumes for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Qiuhui Chen , Huping Ye , Yi Hong

Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound provides enhanced visualization of the carotid artery (CA) anatomy and volumetric flow, offering improved accuracy for cardiovascular diagnosis and monitoring. However, fully populated matrix transducers…

We report 3D-printed acoustic holographic lenses for the formation of ultrasonic fields of complex spatial distribution inside the skull. Using holographic lenses, we experimentally, numerically and theoretically produce acoustic beams…

High-throughput analysis of multidimensional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) datasets remains a significant challenge, limiting the broader impact on strategic materials research. Conventional workflows typically involve sequential,…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-07-16 Arda Genc , Ravit Silverstein

Background: Accurate segmentation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) lesions is challenging due to their complex patterns in medical imaging. Objective: This study aims to develop a precise segmentation method for DLBCL using…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-10 Huan Huang , Liheng Qiu , Shenmiao Yang , Longxi Li , Jiaofen Nan , Yanting Li , Chuang Han , Fubao Zhu , Chen Zhao , Weihua Zhou

Computer-aided diagnosis for low-dose computed tomography (CT) based on deep learning has recently attracted attention as a first-line automatic testing tool because of its high accuracy and low radiation exposure. However, existing methods…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-28 Kyung-Su Kim , Seong Je Oh , Ju Hwan Lee , Myung Jin Chung

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments on subnanoliter (sub-nL) volumes are hindered by the limited sensitivity of the detector and the difficulties in positioning and holding such small samples in proximity of the detector. Here, we…

Biological Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 E. Montinaro , M. Grisi , M. C. Letizia , L. Pethö , M. A. M. Gijs , R. Guidetti , J. Michler , J. Brugger , G. Boero

Ultrasound localization microscopy offers new radiation-free diagnostic tools for vascular imaging deep within the tissue. Sequential localization of echoes returned from inert microbubbles with low-concentration within the bloodstream…

Medical Physics · Physics 2018-04-11 Oren Solomon , Ruud J. G. van Sloun , Hessel Wijkstra , Massimo Mischi , Yonina C. Eldar

Three-dimensional (3D) medical image enhancement, including denoising and super-resolution, is critical for clinical diagnosis in CT, PET, and MRI. Although diffusion models have shown remarkable success in 2D medical imaging, scaling them…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hongxu Jiang , Fei Li , Boxiao Yu , Ying Zhang , Kaleb Smith , Kuang Gong , Wei Shao

Existing Medical Large Vision-Language Models (Med-LVLMs), encapsulating extensive medical knowledge, demonstrate excellent capabilities in understanding medical images. However, there remain challenges in visual localization in medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yucheng Zhou , Lingran Song , Jianbing Shen