Related papers: Benchmarks of Dark Energy
This review summarizes recent attempts to reconstruct the expansion history of the Universe and to probe the nature of dark energy. Reconstruction methods can be broadly classified into parametric and non-parametric approaches. It is…
Exploring the recent expansion history of the universe promises insights into the cosmological model, the nature of dark energy, and potentially clues to high energy physics theories and gravitation. We examine the extent to which precision…
Observations of gamma-ray bursts up to $z\sim 9$ are best suited to study the possible evolution of the Universe equation of state at intermediate redshifts. We apply the Combo-relation to a sample of 174 gamma ray bursts to investigate…
One of the most important and surprising discoveries in cosmology in recent years is the realization that our Universe is dominated by a mysterious dark energy, which leads to an accelerating expansion of space-time. A simple generalization…
An impressive amount of different astrophysical data converges towards the picture of a spatially flat universe undergoing a today phase of accelerated expansion. The nature of the dark energy dominating the energy content of the universe…
In this brief review, we examine the theoretical consistency and viability of phantom dark energy. Almost all data sets from cosmological probes are compatible with dark energy of the phantom variety (i.e., equation-of-state parameter…
The quantity and quality of cosmic structure observations have greatly accelerated in recent years. Further leaps forward will be facilitated by imminent projects, which will enable us to map the evolution of dark and baryonic matter…
The acceleration of the cosmic expansion is a fundamental challenge to standard models of particle physics and cosmology. The new physics of dark energy may lie in the nature of gravity, the quantum vacuum, or extra dimensions. I give a…
A physical mechanism that produces three energy components is proposed as the common origin of dark energy and dark matter. The first two have equations of state W ~ 0 and act like dark matter, while the last has W ~ -1 at low redshifts…
The universe should be dark at energies exceeding $\sim 5\times 10^{19}$ eV. This simple but solid prediction of our best known particle physics is not confirmed by observations, that seem to suggest a quite different picture. Numerous…
Late-time cosmic acceleration is one of the most interesting unsolved puzzles in modern cosmology. The explanation most accepted nowadays, dark energy, raises questions about its own nature, e.g. what exactly is dark energy, and…
The equation of state of dark energy is investigated to determine how much it may deviate from the equation of state of the cosmological constant (CC). Two aspects of the problem are studied: the "expansion" around the vacuum equation of…
The discovery of dark energy by the first generation of high-redshift supernova surveys has generated enormous interest beyond cosmology and has dramatic implications for fundamental physics. Distance measurements using supernova explosions…
The origin and nature of dark energy is one of the most significant challenges in modern science. This research aims to investigate dark energy on astrophysical scales and provide a cosmology-independent method to measure its…
The archetypal theory of dark energy is quintessence: a minimally coupled scalar field with a canonical kinetic energy and potential. By studying random potentials we show that quintessence imposes a restricted set of priors on the equation…
Dark energy could actually be the manifestation of a modification to the Friedmann equation arising from new physics (e.g., extra dimensions). Writing the correction as $(1-\Omega_M)H^\alpha /H_0^{\alpha -2}$, we explore the phenomenology…
The acceleration of the expansion of the universe has deep implications for structure formation, the composition of the universe, and its fate. Roughly 70% of the energy density is in a dark energy, whose nature remains unknown. Mapping the…
Observations provide increasingly strong evidence that the universe is accelerating. This revolutionary advance in cosmological observations confronts theoretical cosmology with a tremendous challenge, which it has so far failed to meet.…
The cosmic acceleration is one of the most significant cosmological discoveries over the last century. Following the more accurate data a more dramatic result appears: the recent analysis of the observation data (especially from SNe Ia)…
We review the ability of redshift surveys to provide constraints on the Dark Energy content of the Universe. The matter power spectrum and dynamics at the present epoch are nearly `blind' to Dark Energy, but combined with the CMB they can…