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3D Euclidean symmetry equivariant neural networks have demonstrated notable success in modeling complex physical systems. We introduce a framework for relaxed $E(3)$ graph equivariant neural networks that can learn and represent symmetry…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Elyssa Hofgard , Rui Wang , Robin Walters , Tess Smidt

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a powerful tool to learn representations on graphs by iteratively aggregating features from node neighbourhoods. Many variant models have been proposed, but there is limited understanding on both how to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Michael Lingzhi Li , Meng Dong , Jiawei Zhou , Alexander M. Rush

Recent advances in computational modelling of atomic systems, spanning molecules, proteins, and materials, represent them as geometric graphs with atoms embedded as nodes in 3D Euclidean space. In these graphs, the geometric attributes…

3D meshes are fundamental data representations for capturing complex geometric shapes in computer vision and graphics applications. While Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have excelled in structured data like images, extending them to…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Saqib Nazir , Olivier Lézoray , Sébastien Bougleux

Neural networks that process the parameters of other neural networks find applications in domains as diverse as classifying implicit neural representations, generating neural network weights, and predicting generalization errors. However,…

Graph neural networks (GNNs) demonstrate a robust capability for representation learning on graphs with complex structures, showcasing superior performance in various applications. The majority of existing GNNs employ a graph convolution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jinlu Wang , Jipeng Guo , Yanfeng Sun , Junbin Gao , Shaofan Wang , Yachao Yang , Baocai Yin

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are an effective framework for representation learning of graphs. GNNs follow a neighborhood aggregation scheme, where the representation vector of a node is computed by recursively aggregating and transforming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Keyulu Xu , Weihua Hu , Jure Leskovec , Stefanie Jegelka

Spherical equivariant graph neural networks (EGNNs) provide a principled framework for learning on three-dimensional molecular and biomolecular systems, where predictions must respect the rotational symmetries inherent in physics. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Sophia Tang

Graph neural network (GNN) has gained increasing popularity in recent years owing to its capability and flexibility in modeling complex graph structure data. Among all graph learning methods, hypergraph learning is a technique for exploring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Tiehua Zhang , Yuze Liu , Zhishu Shen , Xingjun Ma , Peng Qi , Zhijun Ding , Jiong Jin

Graph neural networks (GNNs) naturally align with sparse operators and unstructured discretizations, making them a promising paradigm for physics-informed machine learning in computational mechanics. Motivated by discrete physics losses and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jianchuan Yang , Xi Chen , Jidong Zhao

Most current deep learning models equivariant to $O(n)$ or $SO(n)$ either consider mostly scalar information such as distances and angles or have a very high computational complexity. In this work, we test a few novel message passing graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Cong Liu , David Ruhe , Patrick Forré

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are effective machine learning models for many graph-related applications. Despite their empirical success, many research efforts focus on the theoretical limitations of GNNs, i.e., the GNNs expressive power.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Bingxu Zhang , Changjun Fan , Shixuan Liu , Kuihua Huang , Xiang Zhao , Jincai Huang , Zhong Liu

We introduce a novel equivariant graph neural network (GNN) architecture designed to predict the tensorial response properties of molecules. Unlike traditional frameworks that focus on regressing scalar quantities and derive tensorial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Jean Philip Filling , Felix Post , Michael Wand , Denis Andrienko

Graph neural networks (GNNs) largely rely on the message-passing paradigm, where nodes iteratively aggregate information from their neighbors. Yet, standard message passing neural networks (MPNNs) face well-documented theoretical and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Juan Amboage , Ernst Röell , Patrick Schnider , Bastian Rieck

We explore the use of graph neural networks (GNNs) to model spatial processes in which there is no a priori graphical structure. Similar to finite element analysis, we assign nodes of a GNN to spatial locations and use a computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Ferran Alet , Adarsh K. Jeewajee , Maria Bauza , Alberto Rodriguez , Tomas Lozano-Perez , Leslie Pack Kaelbling

The inductive bias of a graph neural network (GNN) is largely encoded in its specified graph. Latent graph inference relies on latent geometric representations to dynamically rewire or infer a GNN's graph to maximize the GNN's predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Haitz Sáez de Ocáriz Borde , Anastasis Kratsios

Traditional Graph Self-Supervised Learning (GSSL) struggles to capture complex structural properties well. This limitation stems from two main factors: (1) the inadequacy of conventional Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in representing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Asiri Wijesinghe , Hao Zhu , Piotr Koniusz

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are commonly described as being permutation equivariant with respect to node relabeling in the graph. This symmetry of GNNs is often compared to the translation equivariance of Euclidean convolution neural…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-20 Ningyuan Huang , Ron Levie , Soledad Villar

We survey the mathematical foundations of geometric deep learning, focusing on group equivariant and gauge equivariant neural networks. We develop gauge equivariant convolutional neural networks on arbitrary manifolds $\mathcal{M}$ using…

Ground-state 3D geometries of molecules are essential for many molecular analysis tasks. Modern quantum mechanical methods can compute accurate 3D geometries but are computationally prohibitive. Currently, an efficient alternative to…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-05-24 Zhao Xu , Yaochen Xie , Youzhi Luo , Xuan Zhang , Xinyi Xu , Meng Liu , Kaleb Dickerson , Cheng Deng , Maho Nakata , Shuiwang Ji