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Recent regulatory proposals for artificial intelligence emphasize fairness requirements for machine learning models. However, precisely defining the appropriate measure of fairness is challenging due to philosophical, cultural and political…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Caleb J. S. Barr , Olivia Erdelyi , Paul D. Docherty , Randolph C. Grace

As machine learning (ML) algorithms are increasingly used in high-stakes applications, concerns have arisen that they may be biased against certain social groups. Although many approaches have been proposed to make ML models fair, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Thai-Hoang Pham , Xueru Zhang , Ping Zhang

While deep learning has become a core functional module of most software systems, concerns regarding the fairness of ML predictions have emerged as a significant issue that affects prediction results due to discrimination. Intersectional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Kacy Zhou , Jiawen Wen , Nan Yang , Dong Yuan , Qinghua Lu , Huaming Chen

Algorithmic decision making systems are ubiquitous across a wide variety of online as well as offline services. These systems rely on complex learning methods and vast amounts of data to optimize the service functionality, satisfaction of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-27 Muhammad Bilal Zafar , Isabel Valera , Manuel Gomez Rodriguez , Krishna P. Gummadi

The digitization of healthcare data coupled with advances in computational capabilities has propelled the adoption of machine learning (ML) in healthcare. However, these methods can perpetuate or even exacerbate existing disparities,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Qizhang Feng , Mengnan Du , Na Zou , Xia Hu

AI-driven decision-making systems are becoming instrumental in the public sector, with applications spanning areas like criminal justice, social welfare, financial fraud detection, and public health. While these systems offer great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Unai Fischer-Abaigar , Christoph Kern , Noam Barda , Frauke Kreuter

Motivated by concerns surrounding the fairness effects of sharing and transferring fair machine learning tools, we propose two algorithms: Fairness Warnings and Fair-MAML. The first is a model-agnostic algorithm that provides interpretable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Dylan Slack , Sorelle Friedler , Emile Givental

Machine learning models have demonstrated promising performance in many areas. However, the concerns that they can be biased against specific demographic groups hinder their adoption in high-stake applications. Thus, it is essential to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Canyu Chen , Yueqing Liang , Xiongxiao Xu , Shangyu Xie , Ashish Kundu , Ali Payani , Yuan Hong , Kai Shu

As machine learning (ML) systems get adopted in more critical areas, it has become increasingly crucial to address the bias that could occur in these systems. Several fairness pre-processing algorithms are available to alleviate implicit…

Explainable machine learning (ML) enables human learning from ML, human appeal of automated model decisions, regulatory compliance, and security audits of ML models. Explainable ML (i.e. explainable artificial intelligence or XAI) has been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-03 Patrick Hall , Navdeep Gill , Nicholas Schmidt

Fairness in both Machine Learning (ML) predictions and human decision-making is essential, yet both are susceptible to different forms of bias, such as algorithmic and data-driven in ML, and cognitive or subjective in humans. In this study,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Junhua Liu , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Kwan Hui Lim

Recently, there has been a growing interest in developing machine learning (ML) models that can promote fairness, i.e., eliminating biased predictions towards certain populations (e.g., individuals from a specific demographic group). Most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Song Wang , Jing Ma , Lu Cheng , Jundong Li

In recent years, machine learning algorithms have become ubiquitous in a multitude of high-stakes decision-making applications. The unparalleled ability of machine learning algorithms to learn patterns from data also enables them to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 José Pombal , André F. Cruz , João Bravo , Pedro Saleiro , Mário A. T. Figueiredo , Pedro Bizarro

Complex statistical machine learning models are increasingly being used or considered for use in high-stakes decision-making pipelines in domains such as financial services, health care, criminal justice and human services. These models are…

Applications · Statistics 2017-07-04 Alexandra Chouldechova , Max G'Sell

Ensuring trustworthiness in machine learning (ML) systems is crucial as they become increasingly embedded in high-stakes domains. This paper advocates for integrating causal methods into machine learning to navigate the trade-offs among key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Ruta Binkyte , Ivaxi Sheth , Zhijing Jin , Mohammad Havaei , Bernhard Schölkopf , Mario Fritz

Employing Large Language Models (LLM) in various downstream applications such as classification is crucial, especially for smaller companies lacking the expertise and resources required for fine-tuning a model. Fairness in LLMs helps ensure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Garima Chhikara , Anurag Sharma , Kripabandhu Ghosh , Abhijnan Chakraborty

This survey article assesses and compares existing critiques of current fairness-enhancing technical interventions into machine learning (ML) that draw from a range of non-computing disciplines, including philosophy, feminist studies,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Lindsay Weinberg

The FAIR Guiding Principles aim to improve the findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability of digital content by making them both human and machine actionable. However, these principles have not yet been broadly adopted in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Pei-Hung Lin , Chunhua Liao , Winson Chen , Tristan Vanderbruggen , Murali Emani , Hailu Xu

Existing work on trustworthy machine learning (ML) often concentrates on individual aspects of trust, such as fairness or privacy. Additionally, many techniques overlook the distinction between those who train ML models and those…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Mohammad Yaghini , Patty Liu , Franziska Boenisch , Nicolas Papernot

Effective machine learning models can automatically learn useful information from a large quantity of data and provide decisions in a high accuracy. These models may, however, lead to unfair predictions in certain sense among the population…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Mingliang Chen , Min Wu