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Machine learning (ML) is playing an increasingly important role in rendering decisions that affect a broad range of groups in society. ML models inform decisions in criminal justice, the extension of credit in banking, and the hiring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Damien Dablain , Bartosz Krawczyk , Nitesh Chawla

Unfair predictions of machine learning (ML) models impede their broad acceptance in real-world settings. Tackling this arduous challenge first necessitates defining what it means for an ML model to be fair. This has been addressed by the ML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Selim Kuzucu , Jiaee Cheong , Hatice Gunes , Sinan Kalkan

Objective: Mitigating algorithmic disparities is a critical challenge in healthcare research, where ensuring equity and fairness is paramount. While large-scale healthcare data exist across multiple institutions, cross-institutional…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Siqi Li , Qiming Wu , Xin Li , Di Miao , Chuan Hong , Wenjun Gu , Yuqing Shang , Yohei Okada , Michael Hao Chen , Mengying Yan , Yilin Ning , Marcus Eng Hock Ong , Nan Liu

Fairness in federated learning has emerged as a critical concern, aiming to develop an unbiased model among groups (e.g., male or female) of diverse sensitive features. However, there is a trade-off between model performance and fairness,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Rongguang Ye , Wei-Bin Kou , Ming Tang

In a multi-tenant large language model (LLM) serving platform hosting diverse applications, some users may submit an excessive number of requests, causing the service to become unavailable to other users and creating unfairness. Existing…

The use of machine learning (ML) in high-stakes societal decisions has encouraged the consideration of fairness throughout the ML lifecycle. Although data integration is one of the primary steps to generate high quality training data, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Sainyam Galhotra , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Prasanna Sattigeri , Kush R. Varshney

Deep metric learning (DML) enables learning with less supervision through its emphasis on the similarity structure of representations. There has been much work on improving generalization of DML in settings like zero-shot retrieval, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Natalie Dullerud , Karsten Roth , Kimia Hamidieh , Nicolas Papernot , Marzyeh Ghassemi

The advances in Artificial Intelligence are creating new opportunities to improve lives of people around the world, from business to healthcare, from lifestyle to education. For example, some systems profile the users using their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Arkadipta De , Satya Swaroop Gudipudi , Sourab Panchanan , Maunendra Sankar Desarkar

Algorithmic fairness, the research field of making machine learning (ML) algorithms fair, is an established area in ML. As ML technologies expand their application domains, including ones with high societal impact, it becomes essential to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Wenbin Zhang , Zichong Wang , Juyong Kim , Cheng Cheng , Thomas Oommen , Pradeep Ravikumar , Jeremy Weiss

Data heterogeneity plays a pivotal role in determining the performance of machine learning (ML) systems. Traditional algorithms, which are typically designed to optimize average performance, often overlook the intrinsic diversity within…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiashuo Liu , Peng Cui

Graph representation learning models have demonstrated great capability in many real-world applications. Nevertheless, prior research indicates that these models can learn biased representations leading to discriminatory outcomes. A few…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Yuntian He , Saket Gurukar , Srinivasan Parthasarathy

Fairness in machine learning (ML) applications is an important practice for developers in research and industry. In ML applications, unfairness is triggered due to bias in the data, curation process, erroneous assumptions, and implicit bias…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Anoop Mishra , Deepak Khazanchi

The ethical concept of fairness has recently been applied in machine learning (ML) settings to describe a wide range of constraints and objectives. When considering the relevance of ethical concepts to subset selection problems, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Margaret Mitchell , Dylan Baker , Nyalleng Moorosi , Emily Denton , Ben Hutchinson , Alex Hanna , Timnit Gebru , Jamie Morgenstern

The rapid trend of deploying artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) systems in socially consequential domains has raised growing concerns about their trustworthiness, including potential discriminatory behaviours. Research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yijun Bian , Lei You , Yuya Sasaki , Haruka Maeda , Akira Igarashi

Considerable research effort has been guided towards algorithmic fairness but real-world adoption of bias reduction techniques is still scarce. Existing methods are either metric- or model-specific, require access to sensitive attributes at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-13 André F. Cruz , Pedro Saleiro , Catarina Belém , Carlos Soares , Pedro Bizarro

Fairness-aware machine learning (fair-ml) techniques are algorithmic interventions designed to ensure that individuals who are affected by the predictions of a machine learning model are treated fairly. The problem is often posed as an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Hilde Weerts , Lambèr Royakkers , Mykola Pechenizkiy

Interactive machine learning (IML) is a field of research that explores how to leverage both human and computational abilities in decision making systems. IML represents a collaboration between multiple complementary human and machine…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Kory W. Mathewson , Patrick M. Pilarski

Data collected in the real world often encapsulates historical discrimination against disadvantaged groups and individuals. Existing fair machine learning (FairML) research has predominantly focused on mitigating discriminative bias in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Zhining Liu , Ruizhong Qiu , Zhichen Zeng , Yada Zhu , Hendrik Hamann , Hanghang Tong

The potential for machine learning (ML) systems to amplify social inequities and unfairness is receiving increasing popular and academic attention. A surge of recent work has focused on the development of algorithmic tools to assess and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Kenneth Holstein , Jennifer Wortman Vaughan , Hal Daumé , Miro Dudík , Hanna Wallach

Fairness-aware classification requires balancing performance and fairness, often intensified by intersectional biases. Conflicting fairness definitions further complicate the task, making it difficult to identify universally fair solutions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Swati Swati , Arjun Roy , Emmanouil Panagiotou , Eirini Ntoutsi