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In this paper, we generalize the results presented in [5] for the case of real algebraic space curves. More precisely, given an algebraic space curve C (parametrically or implicitly defined), we show how to compute the generalized…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-12-08 Angel Blasco , Sonia Pérez-Díaz

The bridge index and superbridge index of a knot are important invariants in knot theory. We define the bridge map of a knot conformation, which is closely related to these two invariants, and interpret it in terms of the tangent indicatrix…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-05-24 Colin Adams , Dan Collins , Katherine Hawkins , Charmaine Sia , Robert Silversmith , Bena Tshishiku

In this paper we construct parameterizations of elliptic curves over the rationals which have many consecutive integral multiples. Using these parameterizations, we perform searches in GMP and Magma to find curves with points of small…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-14 Benjamin Jones

We generalize two classical formulas for complete intersection curves by introducing the the complete intersection discrepancy of a curve as a correction term. The first is a well-known multiplicity formula in singularity theory, due to…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Andrei Benguş-Lasnier , Antoni Rangachev

We prove new bounds on the number of incidences between points and higher degree algebraic curves. The key ingredient is an improved initial bound, which is valid for all fields. Then we apply the polynomial method to obtain global bounds…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-31 Hong Wang , Ben Yang , Ruixiang Zhang

We develop a method for computing all the {\it generalized asymptotes} of a real plane algebraic curve $\cal C$ over $\Bbb C$ implicitly defined by an irreducible polynomial $f(x,y)\in {\Bbb R}[x,y]$. The approach is based on the notion of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-05-02 Angel Blasco , Sonia Pérez-Díaz

Bilevel optimization is a powerful tool for many machine learning problems, such as hyperparameter optimization and meta-learning. Estimating hypergradients (also known as implicit gradients) is crucial for developing gradient-based methods…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-06 Youran Dong , Junfeng Yang , Wei Yao , Jin Zhang

We define a plane curve to be threadable if it can rigidly pass through a point-hole in a line L without otherwise touching L. Threadable curves are in a sense generalizations of monotone curves. We have two main results. The first is a…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-03-26 Joseph O'Rourke , Emmely Rogers

We give the complete solution to the local diffeomorphism classification problem of generic singularities which appear in tangent surfaces, in as wider situations as possible. We interpret tangent geodesics as tangent lines whenever a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-02-09 Goo Ishikawa , Tatsuya Yamashita

By analyzing the affine Taylor expansion of a non-degenerate plane curve, we obtain characterizations of classes of such curves via curvature properties of the gravity curve. The proof is based on an analysis of the degree parity and…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-11-01 Thomas Binder

The gradients used to train neural networks are typically computed using backpropagation. While an efficient way to obtain exact gradients, backpropagation is computationally expensive, hinders parallelization, and is biologically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Katharina Flügel , Daniel Coquelin , Marie Weiel , Charlotte Debus , Achim Streit , Markus Götz

We give a combinatorial upper bound for the gonality of a curve that is defined by a bivariate Laurent polynomial with given Newton polygon. We conjecture that this bound is generically attained, and provide proofs in a considerable number…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-01-17 Wouter Castryck , Filip Cools

We consider two incidence problems for integral curves of vector fields. The first is an analogue of the Euclidean joints problem, in which lines are replaced by integral curves of smooth vector fields taken from some finite-dimensional…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-09-12 Kaiyi Huang , Betsy Stovall , Sarah Tammen

In this paper we present a way of computing the degree of the secant (resp., tangent) variety of a smooth projective surface, under the assumption that the divisor giving the embedding in the projective space is $3$-very ample. This method…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-06-10 Andrea Cattaneo

A general scheme for determining and studying integrable deformations of algebraic curves is presented. The method is illustrated with the analysis of the hyperelliptic case. An associated multi-Hamiltonian hierarchy of systems of…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2009-11-10 B. Konopelchenko , L. Martinez Alonso

Integrated gradients is prevalent within machine learning to address the black-box problem of neural networks. The explanations given by integrated gradients depend on a choice of base-point. The choice of base-point is not a priori obvious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Lachlan Simpson , Federico Costanza , Kyle Millar , Adriel Cheng , Cheng-Chew Lim , Hong Gunn Chew

We study evolution of a closed embedded plane curve with the normal velocity depending on the curvature, the orientation and the position of the curve. We propose a new method of tangential redistribution of points by curvature adjusted…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2011-01-25 Daniel Sevcovic , Shigetoshi Yazaki

Invariants underlying shape inference are elusive: a variety of shapes can give rise to the same image, and a variety of images can be rendered from the same shape. The occluding contour is a rare exception: it has both image salience, in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Benjamin Kunsberg , Steven W. Zucker

We prove that there is an algorithm to determine if a given finite graph is an induced subgraph of a given curve graph.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-02-17 Tarik Aougab , Ian Biringer , Jonah Gaster

A method of modeling data with gaps by a sequence of curves has been developed. The new method is a generalization of iterative construction of singular expansion of matrices with gaps. Under discussion are three versions of the method…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 A. N. Gorban , A. A. Rossiev , D. C. Wunsch