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Segmentation masks of pathological areas are useful in many medical applications, such as brain tumour and stroke management. Moreover, healthy counterfactuals of diseased images can be used to enhance radiologists' training files and to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-02 Alessandro Fontanella , Grant Mair , Joanna Wardlaw , Emanuele Trucco , Amos Storkey

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) have demonstrated significant potential in 3D medical image segmentation tasks. However, their high computational cost and inability to fully capture global 3D contextual information limit their…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-17 Kangbo Ma

Anomaly detection in medical imaging plays a crucial role in identifying pathological regions across various imaging modalities, such as brain MRI, liver CT, and carotid ultrasound (US). However, training fully supervised segmentation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 Yuan Bi , Lucie Huang , Ricarda Clarenbach , Reza Ghotbi , Angelos Karlas , Nassir Navab , Zhongliang Jiang

Obtaining pixel-level annotations in the medical domain is both expensive and time-consuming, often requiring close collaboration between clinical experts and developers. Semi-supervised medical image segmentation aims to leverage limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Lin Xi , Yingliang Ma , Cheng Wang , Sandra Howell , Aldo Rinaldi , Kawal S. Rhode

Medical image segmentation often involves inherent uncertainty due to variations in expert annotations. Capturing this uncertainty is an important goal and previous works have used various generative image models for the purpose of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Jakob Lønborg Christensen , Morten Rieger Hannemose , Anders Bjorholm Dahl , Vedrana Andersen Dahl

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic models have become increasingly popular due to their ability to offer probabilistic modeling and generate diverse outputs. This versatility inspired their adaptation for image segmentation, where multiple…

Recent advances in denoising diffusion probabilistic models have shown great success in image synthesis tasks. While there are already works exploring the potential of this powerful tool in image semantic segmentation, its application in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Xinrong Hu , Yu-Jen Chen , Tsung-Yi Ho , Yiyu Shi

Recent advancements in deep learning for medical image segmentation are often limited by the scarcity of high-quality training data.While diffusion models provide a potential solution by generating synthetic images, their effectiveness in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Jianhao Xie , Ziang Zhang , Zhenyu Weng , Yuesheng Zhu , Guibo Luo

Skin lesion segmentation plays a critical role in the early detection and accurate diagnosis of dermatological conditions. Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) have recently gained attention for their exceptional…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-08 Afshin Bozorgpour , Yousef Sadegheih , Amirhossein Kazerouni , Reza Azad , Dorit Merhof

Image Forgery Localization (IFL) is a crucial task in image forensics, aimed at accurately identifying manipulated or tampered regions within an image at the pixel level. Existing methods typically generate a single deterministic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Zhou Lei , Pan Gang , Wang Jiahao , Sun Di

Solving medical imaging data scarcity through semantic image generation has attracted growing attention in recent years. However, existing generative models mainly focus on synthesizing whole-organ or large-tissue structures, showing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-19 Jiahao Xia , Yutao Hu , Yaolei Qi , Zhenliang Li , Wenqi Shao , Junjun He , Ying Fu , Longjiang Zhang , Guanyu Yang

Denoising diffusion models have found applications in image segmentation by generating segmented masks conditioned on images. Existing studies predominantly focus on adjusting model architecture or improving inference, such as test-time…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-11 Yunguan Fu , Yiwen Li , Shaheer U Saeed , Matthew J Clarkson , Yipeng Hu

Leveraging the powerful capabilities of diffusion models has yielded quite effective results in medical image segmentation tasks. However, existing methods typically transfer the original training process directly without specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Qilin Huang , Tianyu Lin , Zhiguang Chen , Fudan Zheng

Diffusion Probabilistic Models have recently shown remarkable performance in generative image modeling, attracting significant attention in the computer vision community. However, while a substantial amount of diffusion-based research has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Yijun Yang , Huazhu Fu , Angelica I. Aviles-Rivero , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Lei Zhu

Unsupervised anomaly detection has gained significant attention in the field of medical imaging due to its capability of relieving the costly pixel-level annotation. To achieve this, modern approaches usually utilize generative models to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-22 Rui Xu , Yunke Wang , Bo Du

Few-shot instance segmentation extends the few-shot learning paradigm to the instance segmentation task, which tries to segment instance objects from a query image with a few annotated examples of novel categories. Conventional approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Minh-Quan Le , Tam V. Nguyen , Trung-Nghia Le , Thanh-Toan Do , Minh N. Do , Minh-Triet Tran

Medical image segmentation plays an important role in accurately identifying and isolating regions of interest within medical images. Generative approaches are particularly effective in modeling the statistical properties of segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Lea Bogensperger , Dominik Narnhofer , Alexander Falk , Konrad Schindler , Thomas Pock

Image segmentation is crucial in many computational pathology pipelines, including accurate disease diagnosis, subtyping, outcome, and survivability prediction. The common approach for training a segmentation model relies on a pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Sachin Kumar Danisetty , Alexandros Graikos , Srikar Yellapragada , Dimitris Samaras

Lesion segmentation is inherently influenced by imaging uncertainty, arising from ill-defined lesion boundaries and inter-observer variability in diagnosis. To address this challenge, previous works formulated the multi-rater medical image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ke Liu , Shangde Gao , Yichao Fu , Shuaike Shen , Shangqi Gao , Chunhua Shen

Diffusion models have achieved significant success in both natural image and medical image domains, encompassing a wide range of applications. Previous investigations in medical images have often been constrained to specific anatomical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Yongrui Yu , Yannian Gu , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaofan Zhang