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Embedded systems play a crucial role in fueling the growth of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) in application domains such as healthcare, home automation, transportation, etc. However, their increasingly network-connected nature, coupled with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Soubhagya Sutar , Arnab Raha , Vijay Raghunathan

Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are potential security blocks to generate unique and more secure keys in low-cost cryptographic applications. Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) has been proposed as one of the promising candidates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-02 B. M. S. Bahar Talukder , Biswajit Ray , Domenic Forte , Md Tauhidur Rahman

By 2025, the internet of things (IoT) is projected to connect over 75 billion devices globally, fundamentally altering how we interact with our environments in both urban and rural settings. However, IoT device security remains challenging,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Brahim Mefgouda , Raviha Khan , Omar Alhussein , Hani Saleh , Hossien B. Eldeeb , Anshul Pandey , Sami Muhaidat

As modern cyber systems scale to include large populations of heterogeneous IoT devices, securing them against impersonation and forgery is a critical cybersecurity challenge. Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) offer a lightweight,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Xin Wang , Peichun Hua , Chip Hong Chang , Wenye Liu , Yue Zheng

A Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) is a device with unique behaviour that is hard to clone hence providing a secure fingerprint. A variety of PUF structures and PUF-based applications have been explored theoretically as well as being…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Myrto Arapinis , Mahshid Delavar , Mina Doosti , Elham Kashefi

A physically unclonable function (PUF) is an electronic circuit that produces an intrinsic identifier in response to a challenge. These identifiers depend on uncontrollable variations of the manufacturing process, which make them hard to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-15 Alexander Schaub , Olivier Rioul , Joseph , Joseph J. Boutros

Random numbers are an essential input to many functions on the Internet of Things (IoT). Common use cases of randomness range from low-level packet transmission to advanced algorithms of artificial intelligence as well as security and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Peter Kietzmann , Thomas C. Schmidt , Matthias Wählisch

A Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) is a hardware security primitive used for authentication and key generation. It takes an input bit-vector challenge and produces a single-bit response, resulting in a challenge-response pair (CRP). The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Vincent Dumoulin , Wenjing Rao , Natasha Devroye

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are small circuits that are widely used as hardware security primitives for authentication. These circuits can generate unique signatures because of the inherent randomness in manufacturing and process…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Lulu Ge , Keshab K. Parhi

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) exploit variations in the manufacturing process to derive bit sequences from integrated circuits, which can be used as secure cryptographic keys. Instead of storing the keys in an insecure, non-volatile…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-11 Sven Müelich , Sven Puchinger , Martin Bossert

A physical unclonable function (PUF) generates hardware intrinsic volatile secrets by exploiting uncontrollable manufacturing randomness. Although PUFs provide the potential for lightweight and secure authentication for increasing numbers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Yansong Gao , Marten van Dijk , Lei Xu , Wei Yang , Surya Nepal , Damith C. Ranasinghe

We introduce a Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) based on an ultra-fast chaotic network known as a Hybrid Boolean Network (HBN) implemented on a field programmable gate array. The network, consisting of $N$ coupled asynchronous logic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Noeloikeau Charlot , Daniel Canaday , Andrew Pomerance , Daniel J. Gauthier

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are hardware-oriented primitives that exploit manufacturing variations to generate a unique identity for a physical system. Recent advancements showed how DRAM can be exploited to implement PUFs. DRAM…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Fatemeh Najafi , Masoud Kaveh , Mohammad Reza Mosavi , Alessandro Brighente , Mauro Conti

Modern technology unintentionally provides resources that enable the trust of everyday interactions to be undermined. Some authentication schemes address this issue using devices that give unique outputs in response to a challenge. These…

With rapid advancements in electronic gadgets, the security and privacy aspects of these devices are significant. For the design of secure systems, physical unclonable function (PUF) and true random number generator (TRNG) are critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Simranjeet Singh , Furqan Zahoor , Gokulnath Rajendran , Sachin Patkar , Anupam Chattopadhyay , Farhad Merchant

The current chapter aims at establishing a relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and hardware security. Such a connection between AI and software security has been confirmed and well-reviewed in the relevant literature. The main…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Fatemeh Ganji , Shahin Tajik

High quality random numbers are necessary in the modern world. Ranging from encryption keys in cyber security to models and simulations for scientific use: it's important that these random numbers are of high quality and quickly attainable.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Dmitriy Beznosko , Keith Driscoll , Fernando Guadarrama , Steven Mai , Nikolas Thornton

Physical Unclonable Functions can be used for secure key generation in cryptographic applications. It is explained how methods from coding theory must be applied in order to ensure reliable key regeneration. Based on previous work, we show…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-07-31 Sven Müelich , Sven Puchinger , Martin Bossert , Matthias Hiller , Georg Sigl

Physical unclonable function (PUF) has been proposed as a promising and trustworthy solution to a variety of cryptographic applications. Here we propose a non-imaging based authentication scheme for optical PUFs materialized by random…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Pidong Wang , Feiliang Chen , Dong Li , Song Sun , Feng Huang , Taiping Zhang , Qian Li , Kun Chen , Yongbiao Wan , Xiao Leng , Yao Yao

Quantum physical unclonable functions, or QPUFs, are rapidly emerging as theoretical hardware solutions to provide secure cryptographic functionalities such as key-exchange, message authentication, entity identification among others. Recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-15 Niraj Kumar , Rawad Mezher , Elham Kashefi