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While off-policy reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are sample efficient due to gradient-based updates and data reuse in the replay buffer, they struggle with convergence to local optima due to limited exploration. On the other hand,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Bowen Zheng , Ran Cheng

In this paper, we introduce, MultiGA, an optimization framework which applies genetic algorithm principles to address complex natural language tasks and reasoning problems by sampling from a diverse population of LLMs to initialize the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Isabelle Diana May-Xin Ng , Tharindu Cyril Weerasooriya , Haitao Zhu , Wei Wei

Generative Reward Models (GRMs) have demonstrated strong performance in reward modeling, due to their interpretability and potential for refinement through reinforcement learning (RL). However, widely used pairwise GRMs create a…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge, where the LLM's ability to generate responses based on the combination of a given query and retrieved documents is crucial.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Zhehao Tan , Yihan Jiao , Dan Yang , Lei Liu , Jie Feng , Duolin Sun , Yue Shen , Jian Wang , Peng Wei , Jinjie Gu

Optimization modeling and solving are fundamental to the application of Operations Research (OR) in real-world decision making, yet the process of translating natural language problem descriptions into formal models and solver code remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Zezhen Ding , Zhen Tan , Jiheng Zhang , Tianlong Chen

This paper addresses the optimization of human-robot collaborative work-cells before their physical deployment. Most of the times, such environments are designed based on the experience of the system integrators, often leading to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Christian Cella , Matteo Bruce Robin , Marco Faroni , Andrea Maria Zanchettin , Paolo Rocco

Hyperparameter optimization plays a key role in the machine learning domain. Its significance is especially pronounced in reinforcement learning (RL), where agents continuously interact with and adapt to their environments, requiring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Hui Bai , Ran Cheng

There hardly exists a general solver that is efficient for scheduling problems due to their diversity and complexity. In this study, we develop a two-stage framework, in which reinforcement learning (RL) and traditional operations research…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Yongming He , Guohua Wu , Yingwu Chen , Witold Pedrycz

Reinforcement learning (RL) is increasingly adopted in job shop scheduling problems (JSSP). But RL for JSSP is usually done using a vectorized representation of machine features as the state space. It has three major problems: (1) the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Mohammed Sharafath Abdul Hameed , Andreas Schwung

Efficiently acquiring external knowledge and up-to-date information is essential for effective reasoning and text generation in large language models (LLMs). Prompting advanced LLMs with reasoning capabilities to use search engines during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Bowen Jin , Hansi Zeng , Zhenrui Yue , Jinsung Yoon , Sercan Arik , Dong Wang , Hamed Zamani , Jiawei Han

Building a good predictive model requires an array of activities such as data imputation, feature transformations, estimator selection, hyper-parameter search and ensemble construction. Given the large, complex and heterogenous space of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Udayan Khurana , Horst Samulowitz

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) can improve the quality of large language model's (LLM) outputs by aligning them with human preferences. We propose a simple algorithm for aligning LLMs with human preferences inspired by…

Recent advances in code generation models have unlocked unprecedented opportunities for automating feature engineering, yet their adoption in real-world ML teams remains constrained by critical challenges: (i) the scarcity of datasets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Himanshu Thakur , Anusha Kamath , Anurag Muthyala , Dhwani Sanmukhani , Smruthi Mukund , Jay Katukuri

Grammar-Guided Genetic Programming (GGGP) employs a variety of insights from evolutionary theory to autonomously design solutions for a given task. Recent insights from evolutionary biology can lead to further improvements in GGGP…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Stefano Tiso , Pedro Carvalho , Nuno Lourenço , Penousal Machado

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have significantly enhanced the agentic capabilities of large language models (LLMs). In long-term and multi-turn agent tasks, existing approaches driven solely by outcome rewards often suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yuxiang Ji , Ziyu Ma , Yong Wang , Guanhua Chen , Xiangxiang Chu , Liaoni Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable in-context learning capabilities, enabling flexible utilization of limited historical information to play pivotal roles in reasoning, problem-solving, and complex pattern recognition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Zhonglin Jiang , Qian Tang , Zequn Wang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a popular technique for using large language models (LLMs) to build customer-support, question-answering solutions. In this paper, we share our team's practical experience building and maintaining…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Sarah Packowski , Inge Halilovic , Jenifer Schlotfeldt , Trish Smith

The Zoetrope Genetic Programming (ZGP) algorithm is based on an original representation for mathematical expressions, targeting evolutionary symbolic regression.The zoetropic representation uses repeated fusion operations between partial…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-08-26 Aurélie Boisbunon , Carlo Fanara , Ingrid Grenet , Jonathan Daeden , Alexis Vighi , Marc Schoenauer

Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (GraphRAG) has recently emerged as a powerful paradigm for knowledge-intensive question answering, especially for tasks that require structured evidence organization and multi-hop reasoning.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Dongzhe Fan , Chuanhao Ji , Zimu Wang , Tong Chen , Qiaoyu Tan

Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP) are an extension of the Traveling Salesperson Problem and are a fundamental NP-hard challenge in combinatorial optimization. Solving VRP in real-time at large scale has become critical in numerous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ido Greenberg , Piotr Sielski , Hugo Linsenmaier , Rajesh Gandham , Shie Mannor , Alex Fender , Gal Chechik , Eli Meirom
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