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The reflection principle is the statement that if a sentence is provable then it is true. Reflection principles have been studied for first-order theories, but they also play an important role in propositional proof complexity. In this…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-07-30 Pavel Pudlák

The primary purpose of this article is to show that a certain natural set of axioms yields a completeness result for continuous first-order logic. In particular, we show that in continuous first-order logic a set of formulae is (completely)…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-02-10 Itaï Ben Yaacov , Arthur Paul Pedersen

It is widely claimed that the natural axiom systems$\unicode{x2013}$including the large cardinal axioms$\unicode{x2013}$form a well-ordered hierarchy. Yet, as is well-known, it is possible to exhibit non-linearity and ill-foundedness by…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-12-21 Hanul Jeon , James Walsh

There is no infinite sequence of $\Pi^1_1$-sound extensions of $\mathsf{ACA}_0$ each of which proves $\Pi^1_1$-reflection of the next. This engenders a well-founded ``reflection ranking'' of $\Pi^1_1$-sound extensions of $\mathsf{ACA}_0$.…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-03-27 James Walsh

Let $\mathsf{KP}$ denote Kripke-Platek Set Theory and let $\mathsf{M}$ be the weak set theory obtained from $\mathsf{ZF}$ by removing the collection scheme, restricting separation to $\Delta_0$-formulae and adding an axiom asserting that…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Zachiri McKenzie

Ordinal analysis induces a partition of $\Sigma^1_1$-definable and $\Pi^1_1$-sound theories whereby two theories are equivalent if they have the same proof-theoretic ordinal. We show that no equivalence relation $\equiv$ is finer than the…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-09-22 James Walsh

We consider the constructive ordinal notation system for the ordinal ${\epsilon_0}$ that were introduced by L.D. Beklemishev. There are fragments of this system that are ordinal notation systems for the smaller ordinals ${\omega_n}$ (towers…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-12-12 Fedor Pakhomov

It is well-known that natural axiomatic theories are pre-well-ordered by logical strength, according to various characterizations of logical strength such as consistency strength and inclusion of $\Pi^0_1$ theorems. Though these notions of…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-09-22 James Walsh

We consider extensions of the language of Peano arithmetic by transfinitely iterated truth definitions satisfying uniform Tarskian biconditionals. Without further axioms, such theories are known to be conservative extensions of the original…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-10-31 Lev D. Beklemishev , Fedor N. Pakhomov

We study the computability-theoretic complexity and proof-theoretic strength of the following statements: (1) "If X is a well-ordering, then so is epsilon_X", and (2) "If X is a well-ordering, then so is phi(alpha,X)", where alpha is a…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-06-06 Alberto Marcone , Antonio Montalbán

This paper deals with a proof theory for a theory of $\Pi_{N}$-reflecting ordinals using a system of ordinal diagrams. This is a sequel to the previous one(APAL 129)in which a theory for $\Pi_{3}$-reflection is analysed proof-theoretically.

Logic · Mathematics 2010-07-07 Toshiyasu Arai

Let $\mathbf{M}$ be the basic set theory that consists of the axioms of extensionality, emptyset, pair, union, powerset, infinity, transitive containment, $\Delta_0$-separation and set foundation. This paper studies the relative strength of…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-01-11 Zachiri McKenzie

We show that the theory $I\Sigma_1$ of $\Sigma_1$-induction proves the following statement: For all $n\geq 2$, the uniform $\Sigma_1$-reflection principle over the theory $I\Sigma_n$ is equivalent to the totality of the function…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-12-17 Anton Freund

In this note we show through infinitary derivations that each provably well-founded strict partial order in ${\rm ACA}_{0}$ admits an embedding to an ordinal$<\varepsilon_{0}$.

Logic · Mathematics 2023-03-28 Toshiyasu Arai

In the paper we introduce a weak set theory $\mathsf{H}_{<\omega}$ . A formalization of arithmetic on finite von Neumann ordinals gives an embedding of arithmetical language into this theory. We show that $\mathsf{H}_{<\omega}$ proves a…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-08-29 Fedor Pakhomov

We show that many principles of first-order arithmetic, previously only known to lie strictly between $\Sigma_1$-induction and $\Sigma_2$-induction, are equivalent to the well-foundedness of $\omega^\omega$. Among these principles are the…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-12-15 Alexander P. Kreuzer , Keita Yokoyama

We investigate infinitary wellfounded systems for linear logic with fixed points, with transfinite branching rules indexed by some closure ordinal $\alpha$ for fixed points. Our main result is that provability in the system for some…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Anupam Das , Tikhon Pshenitsyn

We use set-theoretic tools to make a model-theoretic contribution. In particular, we construct a \emph{single} $\mathcal{L}_{\omega_1,\omega}$-sentence $\psi$ that codes Kurepa trees to prove the consistency of the following: (1) The…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-03-23 Dima Sinapova , Ioannis Souldatos

We give a new simple proof of the decidability of the First Order Theory of (omega^omega^i,+) and the Monadic Second Order Theory of (omega^i,<), improving the complexity in both cases. Our algorithm is based on tree automata and a new…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Thierry Cachat

If $S,T$ are stationary subsets of a regular uncountable cardinal $\kappa$, we say that $S$ reflects fully in $T$, $S<T$, if for almost all $\alpha \in T$ (except a nonstationary set) $S \cap \alpha$ is stationary in $\alpha .$ This…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Jiří Witzany