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We explore machine unlearning (MU) in the domain of large language models (LLMs), referred to as LLM unlearning. This initiative aims to eliminate undesirable data influence (e.g., sensitive or illegal information) and the associated model…

This study investigates the machine unlearning techniques within the context of large language models (LLMs), referred to as \textit{LLM unlearning}. LLM unlearning offers a principled approach to removing the influence of undesirable data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiahui Geng , Qing Li , Herbert Woisetschlaeger , Zongxiong Chen , Fengyu Cai , Yuxia Wang , Preslav Nakov , Hans-Arno Jacobsen , Fakhri Karray

Data is central to the development and evaluation of machine learning (ML) models. However, the use of problematic or inappropriate datasets can result in harms when the resulting models are deployed. To encourage responsible AI practice…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Amy K. Heger , Liz B. Marquis , Mihaela Vorvoreanu , Hanna Wallach , Jennifer Wortman Vaughan

The idea of using machine learning (ML) methods to reconstruct the dynamics of a system is the topic of recent studies in the geosciences, in which the key output is a surrogate model meant to emulate the dynamical model. In order to treat…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-22 Alban Farchi , Patrick Laloyaux , Massimo Bonavita , Marc Bocquet

Machine unlearning, a process enabling pre-trained models to remove the influence of specific training samples, has attracted significant attention in recent years. Although extensive research has focused on developing efficient machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Heng Xu , Tianqing Zhu , Dayong Ye , Lefeng Zhang , Le Wang , Wanlei Zhou

Datasets are central to training machine learning (ML) models. The ML community has recently made significant improvements to data stewardship and documentation practices across the model development life cycle. However, the act of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Alexandra Sasha Luccioni , Frances Corry , Hamsini Sridharan , Mike Ananny , Jason Schultz , Kate Crawford

The growing demand for data privacy in Machine Learning (ML) applications has seen Machine Unlearning (MU) emerge as a critical area of research. As the `right to be forgotten' becomes regulated globally, it is increasingly important to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Sadia Qureshi , Thanveer Shaik , Xiaohui Tao , Haoran Xie , Lin Li , Jianming Yong , Xiaohua Jia

With the growing adoption of privacy-preserving machine learning algorithms, such as Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD), training or fine-tuning models on private datasets has become increasingly prevalent. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Hong Guan , Lei Yu , Lixi Zhou , Li Xiong , Kanchan Chowdhury , Lulu Xie , Xusheng Xiao , Jia Zou

Machine unlearning is the process of removing the impact of a particular set of training samples from a pretrained model. It aims to fulfill the "right to be forgotten", which grants the individuals such as patients the right to reconsider…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Reza Nasirigerdeh , Nader Razmi , Julia A. Schnabel , Daniel Rueckert , Georgios Kaissis

Good data stewardship requires removal of data at the request of the data's owner. This raises the question if and how a trained machine-learning model, which implicitly stores information about its training data, should be affected by such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Chuan Guo , Tom Goldstein , Awni Hannun , Laurens van der Maaten

Additional training of a deep learning model can cause negative effects on the results, turning an initially positive sample into a negative one (degradation). Such degradation is possible in real-world use cases due to the diversity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Akihito Yoshii , Susumu Tokumoto , Fuyuki Ishikawa

As synthetic content increasingly infiltrates the web, generative AI models may be retrained on their own outputs: a process termed "autophagy". This leads to model collapse: a progressive loss of performance and diversity across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Daniele Gambetta , Gizem Gezici , Fosca Giannotti , Dino Pedreschi , Alistair Knott , Luca Pappalardo

Machine learning models built on datasets containing discriminative instances attributed to various underlying factors result in biased and unfair outcomes. It's a well founded and intuitive fact that existing bias mitigation strategies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Bhushan Chaudhari , Akash Agarwal , Tanmoy Bhowmik

Machine learning (ML) provides us with numerous opportunities, allowing ML systems to adapt to new situations and contexts. At the same time, this adaptability raises uncertainties concerning the run-time product quality or dependability,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Lalli Myllyaho , Mikko Raatikainen , Tomi Männistö , Jukka K. Nurminen , Tommi Mikkonen

Machine unlearning -- efficiently removing the effect of a small "forget set" of training data on a pre-trained machine learning model -- has recently attracted significant research interest. Despite this interest, however, recent work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Kristian Georgiev , Roy Rinberg , Sung Min Park , Shivam Garg , Andrew Ilyas , Aleksander Madry , Seth Neel

Machine learning models, especially deep models, may unintentionally remember information about their training data. Malicious attackers can thus pilfer some property about training data by attacking the model via membership inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Kongyang Chen , Yao Huang , Yiwen Wang

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into modern healthcare, offering powerful support for clinical decision-making. However, in real-world settings, AI systems may experience performance degradation over time, due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Hao Guan , David Bates , Li Zhou

The objective of digital forgetting is, given a model with undesirable knowledge or behavior, obtain a new model where the detected issues are no longer present. The motivations for forgetting include privacy protection, copyright…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Alberto Blanco-Justicia , Najeeb Jebreel , Benet Manzanares , David Sánchez , Josep Domingo-Ferrer , Guillem Collell , Kuan Eeik Tan

With the extensive use of machine learning technologies, data providers encounter increasing privacy risks. Recent legislation, such as GDPR, obligates organizations to remove requested data and its influence from a trained model. Machine…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Hengzhu Liu , Tianqing Zhu , Lefeng Zhang , Ping Xiong

Modern privacy regulations have spurred the evolution of machine unlearning, a technique that enables the removal of data from an already trained ML model without requiring retraining from scratch. Previous unlearning methods tend to induce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Haoxuan Ji , Zheng Lin , Yuyao Sun , Gao Fei , Yuhang Wang , Haichang Gao , Zhenxing Niu