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Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is an emerging research field bringing transparency to highly complex and opaque machine learning (ML) models. Despite the development of a multitude of methods to explain the decisions of black-box…

Explainable AI (XAI) has been investigated for decades and, together with AI itself, has witnessed unprecedented growth in recent years. Among various approaches to XAI, argumentative models have been advocated in both the AI and social…

Explainable AI (XAI) has been proposed as a valuable tool to assist in downstream tasks involving human and AI collaboration. Perhaps the most psychologically valid XAI techniques are case based approaches which display 'whole' exemplars to…

Explainable AI (XAI) techniques are increasingly important for the validation and responsible use of modern deep learning models, but are difficult to evaluate due to the lack of good ground-truth to compare against. We propose a framework…

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods lack ground truth. In its place, method developers have relied on axioms to determine desirable properties for their explanations' behavior. For high stakes uses of machine learning that…

There is broad agreement that Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, particularly those using Machine Learning (ML), should be able to "explain" their behavior. Unfortunately, there is little agreement as to what constitutes an…

As AI systems increasingly mediate decisions in domains such as credit scoring and financial forecasting, their lack of transparency and bias raises critical concerns for fairness and public trust. Existing explainable AI (XAI) approaches…

EXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to help users to grasp the reasoning behind the predictions of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) system. Many XAI approaches have emerged in recent years. Consequently, a subfield related to the…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) shows promising applications for the perception and planning tasks in autonomous driving (AD) due to its superior performance compared to conventional methods. However, inscrutable AI systems exacerbate the…

Our work serves as a framework for unifying the challenges of contemporary explainable AI (XAI). We demonstrate that while XAI methods provide supplementary and potentially useful output for machine learning models, researchers and…

Although modern machine learning and deep learning methods allow for complex and in-depth data analytics, the predictive models generated by these methods are often highly complex, and lack transparency. Explainable AI (XAI) methods are…

Many high-performance models suffer from a lack of interpretability. There has been an increasing influx of work on explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in order to disentangle what is meant and expected by XAI. Nevertheless, there is…

The ability to explain the prediction of deep learning models to end-users is an important feature to leverage the power of artificial intelligence (AI) for the medical decision-making process, which is usually considered non-transparent…

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems continue to grow in size and complexity, so does the difficulty of the quest for AI transparency. In a world of large models and complex AI systems, why do we explain AI and what should we explain?…

A longstanding challenge surrounding deep learning algorithms is unpacking and understanding how they make their decisions. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) offers methods to provide explanations of internal functions of algorithms…

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods are currently evaluated with approaches mostly originated in interpretable machine learning (IML) research that focus on understanding models such as comparison against existing attribution…

While a vast collection of explainable AI (XAI) algorithms have been developed in recent years, they are often criticized for significant gaps with how humans produce and consume explanations. As a result, current XAI techniques are often…

Despite explainable AI (XAI) has recently become a hot topic and several different approaches have been developed, there is still a widespread belief that it lacks a convincing unifying foundation. On the other hand, over the past…

Recent research has supported that system explainability improves user trust and willingness to use medical AI for diagnostic support. In this paper, we use chest disease diagnosis based on X-Ray images as a case study to investigate user…

State of the art Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques have reached an impressive complexity. Consequently, researchers are discovering more and more methods to use them in real-world applications. However, the complexity of such systems…