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Training neural networks which are robust to adversarial attacks remains an important problem in deep learning, especially as heavily overparameterized models are adopted in safety-critical settings. Drawing from recent work which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Daniel Kuelbs , Sanjay Lall , Mert Pilanci

In this work, we propose an optimization algorithm which we call norm-adapted gradient descent. This algorithm is similar to other gradient-based optimization algorithms like Adam or Adagrad in that it adapts the learning rate of stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-14 David Sprunger

It has been shown that gradient descent can yield the zero training loss in the over-parametrized regime (the width of the neural networks is much larger than the number of data points). In this work, combining the ideas of some existing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Lei Li

We analyze the training dynamics for deep linear networks using a new metric - layer imbalance - which defines the flatness of a solution. We demonstrate that different regularization methods, such as weight decay or noise data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Boris Ginsburg

Neural networks have many successful applications, while much less theoretical understanding has been gained. Towards bridging this gap, we study the problem of learning a two-layer overparameterized ReLU neural network for multi-class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-02 Yuanzhi Li , Yingyu Liang

This paper tackles the problem of training a deep convolutional neural network with both low-precision weights and low-bitwidth activations. Optimizing a low-precision network is very challenging since the training process can easily get…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-05 Bohan Zhuang , Chunhua Shen , Mingkui Tan , Lingqiao Liu , Ian Reid

Implicit deep learning has received increasing attention recently due to the fact that it generalizes the recursive prediction rules of many commonly used neural network architectures. Its prediction rule is provided implicitly based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Tianxiang Gao , Hailiang Liu , Jia Liu , Hridesh Rajan , Hongyang Gao

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are widely used to model sequential data in a wide range of areas, such as natural language processing, speech recognition, machine translation, and time series analysis. In this paper, we model the training…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-20 Yue Wang , Chao Zhang , Xiaojun Chen

In this paper, we study the implicit regularization of the gradient descent algorithm in homogeneous neural networks, including fully-connected and convolutional neural networks with ReLU or LeakyReLU activations. In particular, we study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Kaifeng Lyu , Jian Li

We analyze a simple one-hidden-layer neural network with ReLU activation functions and fixed biases, with one-dimensional input and output. We study both continuous and discrete versions of the model, and we rigorously prove the convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Fabricio Macià , Shu Nakamura

The simplicity of gradient descent (GD) made it the default method for training ever-deeper and complex neural networks. Both loss functions and architectures are often explicitly tuned to be amenable to this basic local optimization. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Dmitrii Marin , Meng Tang , Ismail Ben Ayed , Yuri Boykov

Feed-forward ReLU neural networks partition their input domain into finitely many "affine regions" of constant neuron activation pattern and affine behaviour. We analyze their mathematical structure and provide algorithmic primitives for an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-09 Peter Hinz , Sara van de Geer

Lipschitz-constrained neural networks have several advantages over unconstrained ones and can be applied to a variety of problems, making them a topic of attention in the deep learning community. Unfortunately, it has been shown both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Stanislas Ducotterd , Alexis Goujon , Pakshal Bohra , Dimitris Perdios , Sebastian Neumayer , Michael Unser

In many numerical simulations stochastic gradient descent (SGD) type optimization methods perform very effectively in the training of deep neural networks (DNNs) but till this day it remains an open problem of research to provide a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Martin Hutzenthaler , Arnulf Jentzen , Katharina Pohl , Adrian Riekert , Luca Scarpa

The key task of machine learning is to minimize the loss function that measures the model fit to the training data. The numerical methods to do this efficiently depend on the properties of the loss function. The most decisive among these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Tomas Hrycej , Bernhard Bermeitinger , Massimo Pavone , Götz-Henrik Wiegand , Siegfried Handschuh

Although deep learning has shown its powerful performance in many applications, the mathematical principles behind neural networks are still mysterious. In this paper, we consider the problem of learning a one-hidden-layer neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Shuhao Xia , Yuanming Shi

The Adam optimizer is widely used for transformer optimization in practice, which makes understanding the underlying optimization mechanisms an important problem. However, due to the Adam's complexity, theoretical analysis of how it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Bingrui Li , Wei Huang , Andi Han , Zhanpeng Zhou , Taiji Suzuki , Jun Zhu , Jianfei Chen

The best performing Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) are usually attained using Adam optimization and its multi-step training variants. However, to the best of our knowledge, few studies explore the fundamental reasons why Adam is superior to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Zechun Liu , Zhiqiang Shen , Shichao Li , Koen Helwegen , Dong Huang , Kwang-Ting Cheng

Neural network optimization remains one of the most consequential yet poorly understood challenges in modern AI research, where improvements in training algorithms can lead to enhanced feature learning in foundation models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ansh Nagwekar

Adaptive gradient optimization methods, such as Adam, are prevalent in training deep neural networks across diverse machine learning tasks due to their ability to achieve faster convergence. However, these methods often suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Abulikemu Abuduweili , Changliu Liu
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