English
Related papers

Related papers: Picturing Counting Reductions with the ZH-Calculus

200 papers

Graphical languages are a convenient shorthand to represent computation, with rewrite rules relating one graph to another. In contrast, proof assistants rely heavily on inductive datatypes, particularly when giving semantics to embedded…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Adrian Lehmann , Ben Caldwell , Bhakti Shah , William Spencer , Robert Rand

We consider a ZX-calculus augmented with triangle nodes which is well-suited to reason on the so-called Toffoli-Hadamard fragment of quantum mechanics. We precisely show the form of the matrices it represents, and we provide an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-30 Renaud Vilmart

The ZX calculus and ZH calculus use diagrams to denote and compute properties of quantum operations, using `rewrite rules' to transform between diagrams which denote the same operator through a functorial semantic map. Different semantic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-26 Niel de Beaudrap , Richard D. P. East

The ZX-calculus is a graphical calculus for reasoning about pure state qubit quantum mechanics. It is complete for pure qubit stabilizer quantum mechanics, meaning any equality involving only stabilizer operations that can be derived using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-31 Miriam Backens

Vilmart recently gave a complete equational theory for the balanced sum-over-paths over Toffoli-Hadamard circuits, and by extension Clifford+Rz(2pi/2^k) circuits. Their theory is based on the phase-free ZH-calculus which crucially omits the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-01 Matthew Amy

Categorical Quantum Mechanics, and graphical calculi in particular, has proven to be an intuitive and powerful way to reason about quantum computing. This work continues the exploration of graphical calculi, inside and outside of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-09 Hector Miller-Bakewell

While stabilizer tableaus have proven exceptionally useful as a descriptive tool for additive quantum codes, they offer little guidance for concrete constructions or coding algorithm analysis. We introduce a representation of stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-31 Andrey Boris Khesin

We present a quantum compilation algorithm that maps Clifford encoders, encoding maps for stabilizer quantum codes, to a unique graphical representation in the ZX calculus. Specifically, we develop a canonical form in the ZX calculus and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Andrey Boris Khesin , Jonathan Z. Lu , Peter W. Shor

Quantum computing is currently strongly limited by the impact of noise, in particular introduced by the application of two-qubit gates. For this reason, reducing the number of two-qubit gates is of paramount importance on noisy…

In this paper we develop symbolic computation algorithms to investigate finiteness of central configurations for the planar $n$-body problem. Our approach is based on Albouy-Kaloshin's work on finiteness of central configurations for the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-03-07 Ke-Ming Chang , Kuo-Chang Chen

We propose several methods for optimizing the number of qubits in a quantum circuit while preserving the number of non-Clifford gates. One of our approaches consists in reversing, as much as possible, the gadgetization of Hadamard gates,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Vivien Vandaele

We introduce an enhanced technique for strong classical simulation of quantum circuits which combines the `sum-of-stabilisers' method with an automated simplification strategy based on the ZX-calculus. Recently it was shown that quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-05 Aleks Kissinger , John van de Wetering

We introduce the Spin-ZX calculus as an elevation of Penrose's diagrams and associated binor calculus to the level of a formal diagrammatic language. The power of doing so is illustrated by the variety of scientific areas we apply it to:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Quanlong Wang , Richard D. P. East , Razin A. Shaikh , Lia Yeh , Boldizsár Poór , Bob Coecke

Systematic discovery of optimization paths in quantum circuit simplification remains a challenge. Today, ZX-calculus, a computing model for quantum circuit transformation, is attracting attention for its highly abstract graph-based…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Kayo Tei , Haruto Mishina , Naoki Yamamoto , Kazunori Ueda

We introduce tensor network contraction algorithms for counting satisfying assignments of constraint satisfaction problems (#CSPs). We represent each arbitrary #CSP formula as a tensor network, whose full contraction yields the number of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-11-14 Stefanos Kourtis , Claudio Chamon , Eduardo R. Mucciolo , Andrei E. Ruckenstein

Traditional quantum circuit optimization is performed directly at the circuit level. Alternatively, a quantum circuit can be translated to a ZX-diagram which can be simplified using the rules of the ZX-calculus, after which a simplified…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-16 Ryan Krueger

Finite-dimensional quantum theory serves as the theoretical foundation for quantum information and computation. Mathematically, it is formalized in the category FHilb, comprising all finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces and linear maps between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Quanlong Wang , Boldizsár Poór , Razin A. Shaikh

A decision diagram (DD) is a graph-like data structure for homomorphic compression of Boolean and pseudo-Boolean functions. Over the past decades, decision diagrams have been successfully applied to verification, linear algebra, stochastic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-23 Arend-Jan Quist , Tim Coopmans , Alfons Laarman

The stabilizer ZX-calculus is a rigorous graphical language for reasoning about quantum mechanics. The language is sound and complete: one can transform a stabilizer ZX-diagram into another one using the graphical rewrite rules if and only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-22 Miriam Backens , Simon Perdrix , Quanlong Wang

We present a complete optimization procedure for hybrid quantum-classical circuits with classical parity logic. While common optimization techniques for quantum algorithms focus on rewriting solely the pure quantum segments, there is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-22 Agustín Borgna , Simon Perdrix , Benoît Valiron