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Leveraging class semantic descriptions and examples of known objects, zero-shot learning makes it possible to train a recognition model for an object class whose examples are not available. In this paper, we propose a novel zero-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Soravit Changpinyo , Wei-Lun Chao , Fei Sha

Image recognition has recently witnessed a paradigm shift, where vision-language models are now used to perform few-shot classification based on textual prompts. Among these, the CLIP model has shown remarkable capabilities for zero-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Lorenzo Agnolucci , Alberto Baldrati , Francesco Todino , Federico Becattini , Marco Bertini , Alberto Del Bimbo

Medical image classification plays a crucial role in clinical decision-making, yet most models are constrained to a fixed set of predefined classes, limiting their adaptability to new conditions. Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Stefan Denner , Markus Bujotzek , Dimitrios Bounias , David Zimmerer , Raphael Stock , Klaus Maier-Hein

Humans show language-biased image recognition for a word-embedded image, known as picture-word interference. Such interference depends on hierarchical semantic categories and reflects that human language processing highly interacts with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Yoann Lemesle , Masataka Sawayama , Guillermo Valle-Perez , Maxime Adolphe , Hélène Sauzéon , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

News Image Captioning aims to create captions from news articles and images, emphasizing the connection between textual context and visual elements. Recognizing the significance of human faces in news images and the face-name co-occurrence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Tingyu Qu , Tinne Tuytelaars , Marie-Francine Moens

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) performs zero-shot image classification by mapping images and textual class representation into a shared embedding space, then retrieving the class closest to the image. This work provides a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Fawaz Sammani , Nikos Deligiannis

Recent advances in large vision-language models have revolutionized the image classification paradigm. Despite showing impressive zero-shot capabilities, a pre-defined set of categories, a.k.a. the vocabulary, is assumed at test time for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Alessandro Conti , Enrico Fini , Massimiliano Mancini , Paolo Rota , Yiming Wang , Elisa Ricci

We consider the problem of retrieving objects from image data and learning to classify them into meaningful semantic categories with minimal supervision. To that end, we propose a fully differentiable unsupervised deep clustering approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-25 Steven Hickson , Anelia Angelova , Irfan Essa , Rahul Sukthankar

While deep learning, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Vision Transformers (ViTs), has significantly advanced classification performance, its typical reliance on extensive annotated datasets presents a major obstacle in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Matheus Vinícius Todescato , Joel Luís Carbonera

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) achieves strong generalization in vision-language tasks by aligning images and texts in a shared embedding space. However, recent findings show that CLIP-like models still underutilize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Weiheng Zhao , Zilong Huang , Jiashi Feng , Xinggang Wang

Pretrained vision-language models, such as CLIP, show promising zero-shot performance across a wide variety of datasets. For closed-set classification tasks, however, there is an inherent limitation: CLIP image encoders are typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Piyapat Saranrittichai , Mauricio Munoz , Volker Fischer , Chaithanya Kumar Mummadi

Recently, there have been breakthroughs in computer vision ("CV") models that are more generalizable with the advent of models such as CLIP and ALIGN. In this paper, we analyze CLIP and highlight some of the challenges such models pose.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Sandhini Agarwal , Gretchen Krueger , Jack Clark , Alec Radford , Jong Wook Kim , Miles Brundage

Existing semantic segmentation approaches are often limited by costly pixel-wise annotations and predefined classes. In this work, we present CLIP-S$^4$ that leverages self-supervised pixel representation learning and vision-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Wenbin He , Suphanut Jamonnak , Liang Gou , Liu Ren

Contrastive Language Image Pre-training (CLIP) has recently demonstrated success across various tasks due to superior feature representation empowered by image-text contrastive learning. However, the instance discrimination method used by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Xiang An , Kaicheng Yang , Xiangzi Dai , Ziyong Feng , Jiankang Deng

We explore the extent to which zero-shot vision-language models exhibit gender bias for different vision tasks. Vision models traditionally required task-specific labels for representing concepts, as well as finetuning; zero-shot models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Melissa Hall , Laura Gustafson , Aaron Adcock , Ishan Misra , Candace Ross

Vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have gained popularity for their strong open vocabulary classification performance, but they are prone to assigning high confidence scores to misclassifications, limiting their reliability in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zhenxiang Lin , Maryam Haghighat , Will Browne , Dimity Miller

Open vocabulary models (e.g. CLIP) have shown strong performance on zero-shot classification through their ability generate embeddings for each class based on their (natural language) names. Prior work has focused on improving the accuracy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Zachary Novack , Julian McAuley , Zachary C. Lipton , Saurabh Garg

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP have demonstrated impressive zero-shot performance on a wide range of downstream computer vision tasks. However, there still exists a considerable performance gap between these models and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Bardia Safaei , Vishal M. Patel

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to recognize unseen classes by leveraging semantic information from seen classes, but most existing methods assume accurate class labels for training instances. However, in real-world scenarios, noise and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Jinfu Fan , Jiangnan Li , Xiaowen Yan , Xiaohui Zhong , Wenpeng Lu , Linqing Huang

Classifiers built upon vision-language models such as CLIP have shown remarkable zero-shot performance across a broad range of image classification tasks. Prior work has studied different ways of automatically creating descriptor sets for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Jan Hendrik Metzen , Piyapat Saranrittichai , Chaithanya Kumar Mummadi