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Recently some alternatives of the measurement device independent quantum key distribution(MDI-QKD) based on the single-photon Bell state measurement (SBSM) have been proposed. Although these alternatives are not precisely as secure as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-06 Wen-Ye Liang , Mo Li , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Wei Chen , Shuang Wang , Xue-Bi An , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

The security of measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) relies on a thorough characterization of one's optical source output, especially any noise in the state preparation process. Here, we provide an extension of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 J. Eli Bourassa , Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Hoi-Kwong Lo

The Husimi phase distribution, an experimentally measurable quantity, is investigated for single-mode and two-mode squeezed vacuum states. The analysis highlights that non-Gaussian operations, i.e., photon subtraction (PS), photon addition…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Ramniwas Meena , Chandan Kumar , Subhashish Banerjee

We observe a metrological advantage in phase-space sensitivity for photon-added cat and kitten states over their original forms, due to phase-space broadening from increased amplitude via photon addition, albeit with higher energy cost.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 Arman , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

Continuous-variable (CV) measurement-device-independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD) is immune to imperfect detection devices, which can eliminate all kinds of attacks on practical detectors. Here we first propose a CV-MDI QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-13 Dongyun Bai , Peng Huang , Yiqun Zhu , Hongxin Ma , Tailong Xiao , Tao Wang , Guihua Zeng

Continuous-variable measurement-independent-device quantum key distribution (CV-MDI-QKD) can offer high secure key rate at metropolitan distance and remove all side channel loopholes of detection as well. However, there is no complete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-11 Hua-Lei Yin , Wei Zhu , Yao Fu

Continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) employs the quadratures of a bosonic mode to establish a secret key between two remote parties, and this is usually achieved via a Gaussian modulation of coherent states. The resulting…

In comparison to conventional discrete-variable (DV) quantum key distribution (QKD), continuous-variable (CV) QKD with homodyne/heterodyne measurements has distinct advantages of lower-cost implementation and affinity to wavelength division…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-18 Takaya Matsuura , Kento Maeda , Toshihiko Sasaki , Masato Koashi

Non-Gaussian operations have been studied intensively in recent years due to their ability to increase the secret key rate for certain CV-QKD protocols. However, most previous studies on such protocols are carried out in a single-mode…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-08 Mingjian He , Robert Malaney , Jonathan Green

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two users to communicate with theoretically provable secrecy by encoding information on photonic qubits. Current encoders are complex, however, which reduces their appeal for practical use and…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) relies on single photon sources (SPSs), e.g. from solid-state systems, as flying qubits, where security strongly requires sub-Poissonian photon statistics with low second-order correlation values…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-13 Chanaprom Cholsuk , Furkan Ağlarcı , Daniel K. L. Oi , Serkan Ateş , Tobias Vogl

Developing quantum key distribution (QKD) systems using monolithic photonic integrated circuits (PICs) can accelerate their adoption by a wide range of markets, thanks to the potential reduction in size, complexity of the overall system,…

Mode-pairing quantum key distribution (MP-QKD) protocol achieves performance beyond the repeaterless rate-transmittance bound and exhibits excellent practicality by avoiding the requirement for difficult global phase locking. However, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Yuewei Xu , Zeyang Lu , Chan Li , Jian Long , Zhu Cao

To beat PNS attack, decoy state quantum key distribution (QKD) based on coherent state has been studied widely. We present a decoy state QKD protocol with modified coherent state (MCS). By destruction quantum interference, MCS with fewer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Zhen-Qiang Yin , Zheng-Fu Han , Fang-Wen Sun , Guang-Can Guo

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD), leaving the detection procedure to the third partner and thus being immune to all detector side-channel attacks, is very promising for the construction of high-security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-02 Xiang-Chun Ma , Shi-Hai Sun , Mu-Sheng Jiang , Ming Gui , Lin-Mei Liang

Discrete-variable (DV) quantum key distribution (QKD) based on single-photon detectors and sources have been successfully deployed for long-range secure key distribution. On the other hand, continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-24 Sebastian P. Kish , Patrick J. Gleeson , Angus Walsh , Ping Koy Lam , Syed M. Assad

A novel protocol - measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) - removes all attacks from the detection system, the most vulnerable part in QKD implementations. In this paper, we present an analysis for practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-14 Feihu Xu , Marcos Curty , Bing Qi , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Photon subtraction can enhance the performance of continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV QKD). However, the enhancement effect will be reduced by the imperfections of practical devices, especially the limited efficiency of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-13 Zhengyu Li , Yi-Chen Zhang , Xiangyu Wang , Bingjie Xu , Xiang Peng , Hong Guo

The four-state continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) protocol has a long practical secure distance \cite{Leverrier_PRL_2009}, while it has the difficulty of parameter estimation. We propose an improved four-state protocol,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Jian Yang , Bingjie Xu , Xiang Peng , Hong Guo

The measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol plays an important role in quantum communications due to its high level of security and practicability. It can be immune to all side-channel attacks directed on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Xing-Yu Zhou , Hua-Jian Ding , Chun-Hui Zhang , Jian Li , Chun-Mei Zhang , Qin Wang