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Related papers: Superheavy Elements in Kilonovae

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Half of all the elements in the universe heavier than iron were created by rapid neutron capture. The theory for this astrophysical `$r$-process' was worked out six decades ago and requires an enormous neutron flux to make the bulk of these…

The mergers of binary neutron stars, as well as black hole-neutron star systems, are expected to produce an electromagnetic counterpart that can be analyzed to infer the element synthesis that occurred in these events. We investigate one…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-20 Y. L. Zhu , K. Lund , J. Barnes , T. M. Sprouse , N. Vassh , G. C. McLaughlin , M. R. Mumpower , R. Surman

The discovery of the optical counterpart, along with the gravitational waves from GW170817, of the first binary neutron star merger, opened up a new era for multi-messenger astrophysics. Combining the GW data with the optical counterpart,…

We investigate the early (t < 1 day) kilonova from the neutron star merger by deriving atomic opacities for all the elements from La to Ra (Z = 57 - 88) ionized to the states V - XI. The opacities at high temperatures for the elements with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-07 Smaranika Banerjee , Masaomi Tanaka , Daiji Kato , Gediminas Gaigalas

Kilonovae are ultraviolet, optical, and infrared transients powered by the radioactive decay of heavy elements following a neutron star merger. Joint observations of kilonovae and gravitational waves can offer key constraints on the source…

The detailed observations of GW170817 proved for the first time directly that neutron star mergers are a major production site of heavy elements. The observations could be fit by a number of simulations that qualitatively agree, but can…

Neutron star (NS) mergers are known to produce heavy elements through rapid neutron capture (r-process) nucleosynthesis. Actinides are expected to be created solely by the r-process in the most neutron rich environments. Confirming if NS…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-07 Quentin Pognan , Meng-Ru Wu , Gabriel Martínez-Pinedo , Ricardo Ferreira da Silva , Anders Jerkstrand , Jon Grumer , Andreas Flörs

Binary neutron star mergers are thought to be one of the dominant sites of production for rapid neutron capture elements, including platinum and gold. Since the discovery of the binary neutron star merger GW170817, and its associated…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-14 James H. Gillanders , Michael McCann , Stuart A. Sim. Stephen J. Smartt , Connor P. Ballance

We present a rapid analytic framework for predicting kilonova light curves following neutron star (NS) mergers, where the main input parameters are binary-based properties measurable by gravitational wave detectors (chirp mass and mass…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-07 Matt Nicholl , Ben Margalit , Patricia Schmidt , Graham P. Smith , Evan J. Ridley , James Nuttall

The historic first joint detection of both gravitational wave and electromagnetic emission from a binary neutron star merger cemented the association between short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) and compact object mergers, as well as providing a…

Kilonovae produced by mergers of binary neutron stars (BNSs) are important transient events to be detected by time domain surveys with the alerts from the ground-based gravitational wave detectors. The observational properties of these…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-19 Chunyang Zhao , Youjun Lu , Qingbo Chu , Wen Zhao

Kilonovae are a rare class of astrophysical transients powered by the radioactive decay of nuclei heavier than iron, synthesized in the merger of two compact objects. Over the first few days, the kilonova evolution is dominated by a large…

We study the production of very light elements ($Z < 20$) in the dynamical and spiral-wave wind ejecta of binary neutron star mergers by combining detailed nucleosynthesis calculations with the outcome of numerical relativity merger…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-31 A. Perego , D. Vescovi , A. Fiore , L. Chiesa , C. Vogl , S. Benetti , S. Bernuzzi , M. Branchesi , S. Cristallo , E. Cappellaro , A. Flors , W. E. Kerzendorf , D. Radice

We review current understanding of kilonova/macronova emission from compact binary mergers (mergers of two neutron stars or a neutron star and a black hole). Kilonova/macronova is optical and near-infrared emission powered by radioactive…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-07-27 Masaomi Tanaka

The spectral features observed in kilonovae (KNe) reveal the elemental composition and the velocity structures of matter ejected from neutron star mergers. In the spectra of the kilonova AT2017gfo, a P Cygni line at about 1$\mu$m has been…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-24 Albert Sneppen , Rasmus Damgaard , Darach Watson , Christine E. Collins , Luke Shingles , Stuart A. Sim

The mergers of neutron stars expel a heavy-element enriched fireball which can be observed as a kilonova. The kilonova's geometry is a key diagnostic of the merger and is dictated by the properties of ultra-dense matter and the energetics…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-15 Albert Sneppen , Darach Watson , Andreas Bauswein , Oliver Just , Rubina Kotak , Ehud Nakar , Dovi Poznanski , Stuart Sim

The mergers of compact binaries with at least one neutron star component are the potential leading sites of the production and ejection of $r$-process elements. Discoveries of galactic binary pulsars, short gamma-ray bursts, and…

Kilonovae from compact binary mergers are most informative when accompanied by a gravitational-wave signal, which can help identify the source as a binary neutron star (BNS) or a neutron star-black hole (NSBH) merger. However, future events…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-17 Ish Gupta , Yugesh Bhoge , Rahul Kashyap , Mukul Bhattacharya

In the new era of gravitational wave (GW) and multi-messenger astrophysics, the detection of a GW signal from the coalescence of a black hole - neutron star (BHNS) binary remains a highly anticipated discovery. This kind of system is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-06-05 C. Barbieri , O. S. Salafia , A. Perego , M. Colpi , G. Ghirlanda

Kilonova is an optical-infrared transient powered by the radioactive decay of heavy nuclei from binary neutron star mergers. Its observational characteristics depend on the mass and the nuclide composition of meger ejecta, which are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-03 Wu-Zimo Qiumu , Meng-Hua Chen , Qiu-Hong Chen , En-Wei Liang