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Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (cITS) are a promising technology to enhance driving safety and efficiency. Vehicles communicate wirelessly with other vehicles and infrastructure, thereby creating a highly dynamic and…
In this paper we present a hierarchical scheme to detect cyber-attacks in a hierarchical control architecture for large-scale interconnected systems (LSS). We consider the LSS as a network of physically coupled subsystems, equipped with a…
The power grid is a critical infrastructure that plays a vital role in modern society. Its availability is of utmost importance, as a loss can endanger human lives. However, with the increasing digitalization of the power grid, it also…
Cyber Essentials (CE) comprise a set of controls designed to protect organisations, irrespective of their size, against cyber attacks. The controls are firewalls, secure configuration, user access control, malware protection & security…
Anomaly detection is critical for the secure and reliable operation of industrial control systems. As our reliance on such complex cyber-physical systems grows, it becomes paramount to have automated methods for detecting anomalies,…
The rapid evolution of cyberattacks continues to drive the emergence of unknown (zero-day) threats, posing significant challenges for network intrusion detection systems in Internet of Things (IoT) networks. Existing machine learning and…
This paper proposes an active attack detection scheme for constrained cyber-physical systems. Despite passive approaches where the detection is based on the analysis of the input-output data, active approaches interact with the system by…
One of the significant challenges that smart grid networks face is cyber-security. Several studies have been conducted to highlight those security challenges. However, the majority of these surveys classify attacks based on the security…
Advanced nuclear reactor systems face increasing cybersecurity threats as sophisticated attackers exploit cyber-physical interfaces to manipulate control systems while evading traditional IT security measures. This research presents a…
While digitization of distribution grids through information and communications technology brings numerous benefits, it also increases the grid's vulnerability to serious cyber attacks. Unlike conventional systems, attacks on many…
A system vulnerability analysis technique (SVAT) for complex mission critical systems (CMCS) was developed in response to the need to be able to conduct penetration testing on large industrial systems which cannot be taken offline or risk…
This work evaluates the performance of Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) extraction methods in identifying attack techniques from threat reports available on the web using the MITRE ATT&CK framework. We analyse four configurations utilising…
Watermarking can detect sensor attacks in control systems by injecting a private signal into the control, whereby attacks are identified by checking the statistics of the sensor measurements and private signal. However, past approaches…
For industrial control systems (ICS), many existing defense solutions focus on detecting attacks only when they make the system behave anomalously. Instead, in this work, we study how to detect attackers who are still in their hiding phase.…
Stealing attack against controlled information, along with the increasing number of information leakage incidents, has become an emerging cyber security threat in recent years. Due to the booming development and deployment of advanced…
Maintaining the security of control systems in the presence of integrity attacks is a significant challenge. In literature, several possible attacks against control systems have been formulated including replay, false data injection, and…
This paper explores the detection and localization of cyber-attacks on time-series measurements data in power systems, focusing on comparing conventional machine learning (ML) like k-means, deep learning method like autoencoder, and graph…
Today by growing network systems, security is a key feature of each network infrastructure. Network Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) provide defense model for all security threats which are harmful to any network. The IDS could detect and…
Industrial Internet of Things (I-IoT) is a collaboration of devices, sensors, and networking equipment to monitor and collect data from industrial operations. Machine learning (ML) methods use this data to make high-level decisions with…
The number of interconnected devices is growing constantly due to rapid digitalization, thus providing attackers with a larger attack surface. Particularly in critical infrastructures and manufacturing, where processes can be observed and…