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The possibility of using Infrared Lock-In Thermography (LIT) to estimate the thickness of a sample was assessed and shown to be accurate up to 1.8mm. LIT is a technique involving heating samples with halogen lamps with varying intensity…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-10-15 Ming Hin Wong , Kok Hin Henry Goh

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is an important super-resolution based microscopy technique that breaks the diffraction limit and enhances optical microscopy systems. With the development of biology and medical engineering, there…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-18 Xi Cheng , Jun Li , Qiang Dai , Zhenyong Fu , Jian Yang

The Terahertz Intensity Mapper (TIM) is designed to probe the star formation history in dust-obscured star-forming galaxies around the peak of cosmic star formation. This will be done via measurements of the redshifted 157.7 um line of…

Nanofabrication of topological insulator (TI) devices is essential for accessing edge and interface states, but conventional lithography and etching compromise the atomically clean surfaces required for scanning tunneling microscopy and…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-24 Adrian Greichgauer , Roozbeh Yazdanpanah , Alexey Taskin , Oliver Breunig , Yoichi Ando , Jens Brede

In the next decade, the proposed Line Emission Mapper (LEM) telescope concept is poised to revolutionize Galactic and extragalactic X-ray sensitivity. The instruments aboard LEM feature unprecedented eV scale energy resolution and an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-04 Gordan Krnjaic , Elena Pinetti

This work aims to demonstrate that two arrays of Lumped Element Kinetic Inductance Detectors (LEKIDs), when employed in filled array configuration and separated by an external linear polarizer oriented at 45 degrees, can achieve the…

The kinetic inductance detector (KID) is a versatile and scalable detector technology with a wide range of applications. These superconducting detectors offer significant advantages: simple and robust fabrication, intrinsic multiplexing…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-03-31 Peter S. Barry , Clarence. C. Chang , Sunil Golwala , Erik Shirokoff

We summarize the R&D activities on a novel semitransparent microstrip sensor to be used on laser-based alignment systems for silicon trackers. The new sensor is used both for particle tracking and laser detection. The aim of this research…

Silicon strip sensors have long been a reliable technology for particle detection. Here, we push the limits of silicon tracking detectors by targeting an unprecedentedly low material budget of 2%-7% $X_0$ in an 8-layer 4 m$^2$ detector…

We present the Simple Intensity Map Producer for Line Emission (SIMPLE), a public code for quickly simulating mock line-intensity maps, and an analytical framework for modeling intensity maps including observational effects. SIMPLE can be…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-06 Maja Lujan Niemeyer , José Luis Bernal , Eiichiro Komatsu

Intensity mapping experiments survey the spectrum of diffuse line radiation rather than detect individual objects at high signal-to-noise. Spectral maps of unresolved atomic and molecular line radiation contain three-dimensional information…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-19 Eric R. Switzer , Tzu-Ching Chang , Kiyoshi W. Masui , Ue-Li Pen , Tabitha C. Voytek

Line Intensity Mapping (LIM) has garnered attention as a powerful cosmological probe, with next-generation instruments such as SPHEREx preparing to map the evolution of large-scale structure during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR).…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-09 Mouza Almualla , Aaron Smith , Rahul Kannan , Lars Hernquist , Enrico Garaldi , Adam Lidz , Kevin Lorinc , Jennifer Yik Ham Chan , Mark Vogelsberger

Intensity mapping -- the large-scale mapping of selected spectral lines without resolving individual sources -- is quickly emerging as an efficient way to conduct large cosmological surveys. Multiple surveys covering a variety of lines…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-22 Hannah Fronenberg , Adrian Liu

The nature of dark matter (DM) is still debated. While cold DM (CDM) is the standard paradigm, warm DM (WDM) may ease some small-scale tensions in the $\Lambda$CDM framework. Line-intensity mapping (LIM) offers a novel probe of DM…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-17 Elena Marcuzzo , Cristiano Porciani , Emilio Romano-Díaz , Azadeh Moradinezhad Dizgah , Prachi Khatri , Matteo Viel

This work describes the design and implementation of optics for EXCLAIM, the EXperiment for Cryogenic Large-Aperture Intensity Mapping. EXCLAIM is a balloon-borne telescope that will measure integrated line emission from carbon monoxide…

The epoch of reionization (EoR), marking the Universe's transition from a neutral to ionized state, represents a pivotal phase for understanding the formation of the first stars and galaxies. Intensity mapping of atomic and molecular lines,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-17 Anirban Roy , Anthony Pullen , Patrick C. Breysse , Rachel S. Somerville

Spectroscopy is a powerful tool to probe physical, chemical, and biological systems. Recent advances in microfabrication have introduced novel, intriguing mesoscopic quantum systems including superconductor-semiconductor hybrid devices and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-11-04 J. Griesmar , R. H. Rodriguez , V. Benzoni , J. -D. Pillet , J. -L. Smirr , F. Lafont , Ç. Ö. Girit

The contemporary superconductive electronics is widely using planar circuits with micrometer-scale elements for a variety of applications. With the rise of complexity of a circuit and increased number of its components, a simple impedance…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 A. Karpov , A. P. Zhuravel , A. S. Averkin , V. I. Chichkov , A. V. Ustinov

Cosmic Dawn Intensity Mapper is a "Probe Class" mission concept for reionization studies of the universe. It will be capable of spectroscopic imaging observations between 0.7 to 6-7 microns in the near-Infrared. The primary observational…

Line-intensity mapping (LIM) provides a promising way to probe cosmology, reionization and galaxy evolution. However, its sensitivity to cosmology and astrophysics at the same time is also a nuisance. Here we develop a comprehensive…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-21 José Luis Bernal , Patrick C. Breysse , Héctor Gil-Marín , Ely D. Kovetz
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