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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a versatile and widely applicable concept across various science and engineering domains over the past decade. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Sai Ganga , Ziya Uddin

The solution of partial differential equations (PDES) on irregular domains has long been a subject of significant research interest. In this work, we present an approach utilizing physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to achieve…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Cuizhi Zhou , Kaien Zhu

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN) are neural networks encoding the problem governing equations, such as Partial Differential Equations (PDE), as a part of the neural network. PINNs have emerged as a new essential tool to solve various…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-07-07 Stefano Markidis

Solving the two-dimensional shallow water equations is a fundamental problem in flood simulation technology. In recent years, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a novel methodology for addressing this problem. Given…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-01-22 Yongfu Tian , Shan Ding , Guofeng Su , Lida Huang , Jianguo Chen

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have gained significant prominence as a powerful tool in the field of scientific computing and simulations. Their ability to seamlessly integrate physical principles into deep learning architectures…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Zakaria Elabid , Daniel Busby , Abdenour Hadid

The thesis focuses on various techniques to find an alternate approximation method that could be universally used for a wide range of CFD problems but with low computational cost and low runtime. Various techniques have been explored within…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Siddharth Rout , Vikas Dwivedi , Balaji Srinivasan

Soft- and hard-constrained Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have achieved great success in solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, these methods still face great challenges when solving the Navier-Stokes equations…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-14 Chuyu Zhou , Tianyu Li , Chenxi Lan , Rongyu Du , Guoguo Xin , Pengyu Nan , Hangzhou Yang , Guoqing Wang , Xun Liu , Wei Li

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently received much attention due to their capabilities in solving both forward and inverse problems. For training a deep neural network associated with a PINN, one typically constructs a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Pouyan Nasiri , Roozbeh Dargazany

Physics-informed neural networks have emerged as a prominent new method for solving differential equations. While conceptually straightforward, they often suffer training difficulties that lead to relatively large discretization errors or…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-03-13 Shivam Arora , Alex Bihlo , Francis Valiquette

In recent years, a plethora of methods combining deep neural networks and partial differential equations have been developed. A widely known and popular example are physics-informed neural networks. They solve forward and inverse problems…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-07-04 Bastian Zapf , Johannes Haubner , Miroslav Kuchta , Geir Ringstad , Per Kristian Eide , Kent-Andre Mardal

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a novel approach to simulate complex physical systems on the basis of both data observations and physical models. In this work, we investigate the use of PINNs for various…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-03-27 Guillaume Coulaud , Maxime Le , Régis Duvigneau

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) solve time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) by learning a mesh-free, differentiable solution that can be evaluated anywhere in space and time. However, standard space--time PINNs take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chen-Yang Dai , Che-Chia Chang , Te-Sheng Lin , Ming-Chih Lai , Chieh-Hsin Lai

Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have been emerging as a powerful computational tool for solving differential equations. However, the applicability of these models is still in its initial stages and requires more standardization to…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Afila Ajithkumar Sophiya , Akarsh K Nair , Sepehr Maleki , Senthil K. Krishnababu

The transformative impact of machine learning, particularly Deep Learning (DL), on scientific and engineering domains is evident. In the context of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) represent a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-04-05 Siddharth Raghu , Rajdip Nayek , Vamsi Chalamalla

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have garnered significant interest for their potential in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) that govern a wide range of physical phenomena. By incorporating physical laws into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jian Cheng Wong , Isaac Yin Chung Lai , Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Chin Chun Ooi , Abhishek Gupta , Yew-Soon Ong

Inverse problems arise almost everywhere in science and engineering where we need to infer on a quantity from indirect observation. The cases of medical, biomedical, and industrial imaging systems are the typical examples. A very high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Ali Mohammad-Djafari

Variational Physics-Informed Neural Networks (VPINNs) utilize a variational loss function to solve partial differential equations, mirroring Finite Element Analysis techniques. Traditional hp-VPINNs, while effective for high-frequency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Thivin Anandh , Divij Ghose , Himanshu Jain , Sashikumaar Ganesan

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently become a new popular method for solving forward and inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). However, in the flow around airfoils, the fluid is greatly…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-02-26 Wenbo Cao , Jiahao Song , Weiwei Zhang

We introduce a physics-informed neural network (PINNs) framework for modelling the spatial distribution of chromodynamic fields induced by quark-antiquark pairs, based on lattice Monte Carlo simulations. In contrast to conventional neural…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-25 Wei Kou , Xiaoxuan Lin , Bing'ang Guo , Xurong Chen

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) integrate physical principles into machine learning, finding wide applications in various science and engineering fields. However, solving nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs)…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-10-01 Jingjing Zhang , Ulisses Braga-Neto , Eduardo Gildin