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We point out that the cosmological abundance of ${}^7$Li can be reduced down to observed values if during its formation Big Bang Nucleosynthesis is modified by the presence of light electrically neutral particles $X$ that have substantial…
Understanding the nucleation and growth dynamics of the surface bubbles generated on a heated surface can benefit a wide range of modern technologies, such as the cooling systems of electronics, refrigeration cycles, nuclear reactors and…
This article presents a theoretical framework for enhancing nuclear fusion rates in solid-state environments under near-ambient conditions. Drawing on quantum tunneling, electron screening, and resonance energy transfer, the study proposes…
The nucleation and growth of pure titanium nanoparticles in a low-pressure sputter plasma has been believed to be essentially impossible. The addition of impurities, such as oxygen or water, facilitates this and allows the growth of…
Evolutionary searches were employed to predict the most stable structures of perovskites with helium atoms on their A-sites up to pressures of 10 GPa. The thermodynamics associated with helium intercalation into [CaZr]F6, structure that…
Vapor bubbles are formed in liquids by two mechanisms: evaporation (temperature above the boiling threshold) and cavitation (pressure below the vapor pressure). The liquid resists in these metastable (overheating and tensile, respectively)…
We review recent developments in the study of deep inelastic scattering from light nuclei, focusing in particular on deuterium, helium, and lithium. Understanding the nuclear effects in these systems is essential for the extraction of…
Nuclear fusion cross-sections considerably higher than corresponding theoretical predictions are observed in low-energy experiments with metal matrix targets and accelerated deuteron beams. The cross-section increment is significantly…
The yields of hadrons and light nuclei in relativistic collisions of heavy-nuclei at a center of mass energy of 2.6 TeV can be described remarkably well by a thermal distribution of an ideal gas of hadrons and light nuclei interacting only…
When weakly-bound complexes are multiply excited by intense electromagnetic radiation, energy can be exchanged between neighboring atoms through a type of resonant interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD). This decay mechanism due to multiple…
The design of accurate helium-solute interaction potentials for the simulation of chemically complex molecules solvated in superfluid helium has long been a cumbersome task due to the rather weak but strongly anisotropic nature of the…
When metal surfaces are exposed to hydrogen ion irradiation, the light ions are expected to penetrate deep into the material and dissolve in the matrix. However, these atoms are seen to cause significant modification of surfaces, indicating…
We present new upper and lower bounds to the primordial abundances of deuterium and helium-3 based on observational data from the solar system and the interstellar medium. Independent of any model for the primordial production of the…
Point defects such as interstitial atoms are known to be attracted to screw dislocations. Understanding these interaction mechanisms is key to predicting the plasticity of real materials. Using a new machine learning interatomic potential…
We perform the first multidimensional fluid simulations of thermonuclear helium ignition underneath a hydrogen-rich shell. This situation is relevant to Type I X-ray bursts on neutron stars that accrete from a hydrogen-rich companion. Using…
The properties of ripplonic polarons in a multielectron bubble in liquid helium are investigated on the basis of a path-integral variational method. We find that the two-dimensional electron gas can form deep dimples in the helium surface,…
The mass of stars is enough to confine a plasma to fuse light atoms, but this is not possible to engineer on Earth. Fortunately, nuclear engineering can rely on the magnetic confinement of a plasma using superconducting coils so long as the…
We show that element diffusion can produce large fluctuations in the initial helium abundance of the star-forming clouds. Diffusion time-scale, which in stars is much larger than the Hubble time, can fall below 10^8 years in the neutral gas…
We present results from moist convection in a mixture of pressurized sulfur hexa-flouride (liquid and vapor) and helium (gas) to model the wet and dry components of the earth's atmosphere. To allow for homogeneous nucleation, we operate the…
Direct sampling of interstellar neutral (ISN) atoms close to the Sun enables studies of the very local interstellar medium (VLISM) around the heliosphere. The primary population of ISN helium atoms has, until now, been assumed to reflect…