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Probabilties of formation of various hydrogenic species during the exothermic nuclear $(n,{}^3$He$;t,p)-$reaction of atomic helium-3 with slow neutrons are determined. In particular, we have found that the probability to form the tritium…
Metal atoms in solid and liquid helium-4 have attracted some interest either as a way to keep the atoms in a weakly perturbing matrix, or using them as a probe for the helium host medium. Laser sputtering with nanosecond pulsed lasers is…
We first show a possible mechanism to create a new type of nuclear fusion, thermal resonance fusion, i.e. low energy nuclear fusion with thermal resonance of light nuclei or atoms, such as deuterium or tritium. The fusion of two light…
Detonations in helium-rich envelopes surrounding white dwarfs have garnered attention as triggers of faint thermonuclear ".Ia" supernovae and double detonation Type Ia supernovae. However, recent studies have found that the minimum size of…
We report on the production and study of stable, highly charged droplets of superfluid helium. Using a novel experimental setup we produce neutral beams of liquid helium nanodroplets containing millions of atoms or more that can be ionized…
A novel computational treatment of dense, stiff, coupled reaction rate equations is introduced to study the nucleation, growth, and possible coalescence of cavities during neutron irradiation of metals. Radiation damage is modeled by the…
The properties of liquid helium have always been a fascinating subject to scientists. The phonon theory of liquids taking into account liquid non-static shear rigidity is employed here for studying internal energy and heat capacity of…
Hafnium hydride is a promising material for next-generation nuclear reactors, particularly as control rods for fast fission and shielding in fusion systems. The material's intrinsic brittleness encourages its use in the form of…
By focusing a high intensity acoustic wave in liquid helium, we have observed the nucleation of solid helium inside the wave above a certain threshold in amplitude. The nucleation is a stochastic phenomenon. Its probability increases…
The injection of hydrogen into the convection shell powered by helium burning during the core helium flash is commonly encountered during the evolution of metal-free and extremely metal-poor low-mass stars. With specifically designed…
New calculations of the time evolution and isotopic composition for a network of nuclear reactions breathe new life into an old idea in nuclear fusion, burning solid room temperature lithium-6 deuteride ($^6$LiD) with neutrons. Modern-day…
Recent experiments on the flow of helium-4 fluid through nanopores with tunable pore radius provide a platform for studying the quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) superfluid behaviors. In the extreme 1D limit, the helium atoms are localized…
The ion phase-space dynamics in the Coulomb explosion of very large ($\sim 10^6 - 10^7$ atoms) deuterium clusters can be tailored using two consecutive laser pulses with different intensities and an appropriate time delay. For suitable sets…
Over the past decade, dust particulate contamination has increasingly become an area of concern within the fusion research community. In a burning plasma machine design like the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), dust…
The properties of hydrogen-helium mixtures at Mbar pressures and intermediate temperatures (4000 to 10000 K) are calculated with first-principles molecular dynamics simulations. We determine the equation of state as a function of density,…
The location of the hydrogen-helium (H/He) immiscibility boundary controls whether and where helium rain occurs in giant planets, yet it remains uncertain because high-pressure experiments are challenging and ab initio simulations are…
A disconcerting mismatch of thermal pressures for two media in contact with each other, (1) the warm, Circum-heliospheric Interstellar Medium (CHISM) and (2) the very hot material within a much larger region called the Local Bubble (LB),…
Nuclear batteries require radioisotopes with specific combinations of half-life, decay mode, and radiation properties, yet most candidate fuels lack scalable production routes. We show how the future availability of deuterium-tritium (D-T)…
Efficient removal of helium ash is a critical requirement for the operation of fusion power plants, as its accumulation can dilute the core fuel and degrade plasma performance. While past studies suggested that helium exhaust in burning…
The conventional approach to search for departures from the standard model of physics during Big Bang Nucleosynthesis involves a careful, and subtle measurement of the mass fraction of baryons consisting of helium. Recent measurements of…