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We report observation of quasiparticle pair-production and characterize quantum entanglement created by a modulational instability in an atomic superfluid. By quenching the atomic interaction to attractive and then back to weakly repulsive,…
A quantum system (quanton) traverses an interferometer with $N$ equally probable paths and interacts with another quantum system (detector) that stores path information in a set of symmetric states. In this interferometric framework, we…
Quantum detector properties of the quantum point contact (QPC) are analyzed for arbitrary electron transparency and coupling strength to the measured system and are shown to be determined by the electron counting statistics. Conditions of…
A quantum dot is a sub-micron-scale conducting device containing up to several thousand electrons. Transport through a quantum dot at low temperatures is a quantum-coherent process. This review focuses on dots in which the electron's…
It has been shown recently that a neutron placed in an external quasistatic electric field develops an induced electric dipole moment $\mathbf{p}_{\mathrm{IND}}$ due to quantum fluctuations in the QED vacuum. A feasible experiment which…
Quantum asymmetry is a physical resource which coincides with the amount of coherence between the eigenspaces of a generator responsible for phase encoding in interferometric experiments. We highlight an apparently counter-intuitive…
We study an ultra-cold gas of $N$ bosons trapped in a one dimensional $M$-site optical lattice perturbed by a spatially dependent potential $g\cdot x^j$, where the unknown coupling strength $g$ is to be estimated. We find that the…
The interference pattern produced by a quantum particle in Young's double-slit setup is attributed to the particle's wavefunction having gone through both slits. In the path integral formulation, this interference involves a superposition…
We investigate quantum coherences in the presence of noise by entangling the spin and path degrees of freedom of the output neutron beam from a noisy three-blade perfect crystal neutron interferometer. We find that in the presence of…
Quantum physics rules the dynamics of small objects as they interact over microscopic length scales. Nevertheless, quantum correlations involving macroscopic distances can be observed between entangled photons as well as in atomic gases and…
Gravitational lensing introduces the possibility of multiple (macroscopic) paths from an astrophysical neutrino source to a detector. Such a multiplicity of paths can allow for quantum mechanical interference to take place that is…
An interference experiment with entangled particles is theoretically analyzed, where one of the entangled pair (particle 1) goes through a multi-slit before being detected at a fixed detector. In addition, one introduces a mechanism for…
We investigate integer and fractional quantum Hall states in quantum point contacts (QPCs) of different geometries, defined in AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures employing different doping and screening techniques. We find that, even in the…
We analyze a single-particle Mach-Zehnder interferometer experiment in which the path length of one arm may change (randomly or systematically) according to the value of an external two-valued variable $x$, for each passage of a particle…
We have implemented an optical quantum eraser with the aim of studying this phenomenon in the context of state discrimination. An interfering single photon is entangled with another one serving as a which-path marker. As a consequence, the…
Repeated observations of inhomogeneity in cuperate superconductors[1-5] make one immediately question the existance of coherent quasiparticles(qp's) and the applicability of a momentum space picture. Yet, obversations of interference…
Following earlier applications of weak measurement to new cases (Part I), we proceed to explore its temporal peculiarities. We analyze an idealized experiment in which weak which-path measurements do not prevent consecutive weak…
We develop an interferometric technique for making time-resolved measurements of field-quadrature operators for nonequilibrium ultracold bosons in optical lattices. The technique exploits the internal state structure of magnetic atoms to…
The breakdown of conductance quantization in a quantum point contact in the presence of random long-range impurity potential is discussed. It is shown that in the linear response regime a decisive role is played by the indirect…
Linear-optical interferometers play a key role in designing circuits for quantum information processing and quantum communications. Even though nested Mach-Zehnder interferometers appear easy to describe, there are occasions when they…