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Critical sectors of human society are progressing toward the adoption of powerful artificial intelligence (AI) agents, which are trained individually on behalf of self-interested principals but deployed in a shared environment. Short of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Jiachen Yang , Ethan Wang , Rakshit Trivedi , Tuo Zhao , Hongyuan Zha

Adapting a single agent to a new multi-agent system brings challenges, necessitating adjustments across various tasks, environments, and interactions with unknown teammates and opponents. Addressing this challenge is highly complex, and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Chenxu Wang , Yonggang Jin , Cheng Hu , Youpeng Zhao , Zipeng Dai , Jian Zhao , Shiyu Huang , Liuyu Xiang , Junge Zhang , Zhaofeng He

In neuroscience, one of the key behavioral tests for determining whether a subject of study exhibits model-based behavior is to study its adaptiveness to local changes in the environment. In reinforcement learning, however, recent studies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Safa Alver , Ali Rahimi-Kalahroudi , Doina Precup

In multi-agent systems (MAS), the dynamic interaction among multiple decision-makers is driven by their innate values, affecting the environment's state, and can cause specific behavioral patterns to emerge. On the other hand, innate values…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Qin Yang

Agent-based models (ABMs) are simulation models used in economics to overcome some of the limitations of traditional frameworks based on general equilibrium assumptions. However, agents within an ABM follow predetermined 'bounded rational'…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Simone Brusatin , Tommaso Padoan , Andrea Coletta , Domenico Delli Gatti , Aldo Glielmo

Reinforcement learning algorithms require a large amount of samples; this often limits their real-world applications on even simple tasks. Such a challenge is more outstanding in multi-agent tasks, as each step of operation is more costly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Yali Du , Chengdong Ma , Yuchen Liu , Runji Lin , Hao Dong , Jun Wang , Yaodong Yang

Leveraging multiple Large Language Models(LLMs) has proven effective for addressing complex, high-dimensional tasks, but current approaches often rely on static, manually engineered multi-agent configurations. To overcome these constraints,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Xiaowen Ma , Chenyang Lin , Yao Zhang , Volker Tresp , Yunpu Ma

Multi-agent systems provide a powerful way to extend large language models (LLMs) by decomposing a complex task into specialized subtasks handled by different agents. However, their performance is often hindered by error propagation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Zheng Wang , Yuang Liu , Yangkai Ding

In tabular multi-agent reinforcement learning with average-cost criterion, a team of agents sequentially interacts with the environment and observes local incentives. We focus on the case that the global reward is a sum of local rewards,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-26 Alec Koppel , Amrit Singh Bedi , Bhargav Ganguly , Vaneet Aggarwal

For over a decade, model-based reinforcement learning has been seen as a way to leverage control-based domain knowledge to improve the sample-efficiency of reinforcement learning agents. While model-based agents are conceptually appealing,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Brandon Amos , Samuel Stanton , Denis Yarats , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Deep reinforcement learning in continuous domains focuses on learning control policies that map states to distributions over actions that ideally concentrate on the optimal choices in each step. In multi-agent navigation problems, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Chenning Yu , Hongzhan Yu , Sicun Gao

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have been around for decades and employed to solve various sequential decision-making problems. These algorithms however have faced great challenges when dealing with high-dimensional environments. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Thanh Thi Nguyen , Ngoc Duy Nguyen , Saeid Nahavandi

Large Language Model based multi-agent systems (MAS) excel at collaborative problem solving but remain brittle to cascading errors: a single faulty step can propagate across agents and disrupt the trajectory. In this paper, we present MASC,…

Multi-agent reinforcement learning faces fundamental challenges that conventional approaches have failed to overcome: exponentially growing joint action spaces, non-stationary environments where simultaneous learning creates moving targets,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hang Wang , Junshan Zhang

Multi-agent path finding (MAPF) is the problem of planning conflict-free paths from the designated start locations to goal positions for multiple agents. It underlies a variety of real-world tasks, including multi-robot coordination,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Zhanjiang Yang , Yang Shen , Yueming Li , Meng Li , Lijun Sun

The outstanding capabilities of large language models (LLMs) render them a crucial component in various autonomous agent systems. While traditional methods depend on the inherent knowledge of LLMs without fine-tuning, more recent approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Zhirui Deng , Zhicheng Dou , Yutao Zhu , Ji-Rong Wen , Ruibin Xiong , Mang Wang , Weipeng Chen

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) algorithms are widely adopted in tackling complex tasks that require collaboration and competition among agents in dynamic Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). However, learning such tasks from scratch is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Ayesha Siddika Nipu , Siming Liu , Anthony Harris

Learned dynamics models combined with both planning and policy learning algorithms have shown promise in enabling artificial agents to learn to perform many diverse tasks with limited supervision. However, one of the fundamental challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Suraj Nair , Silvio Savarese , Chelsea Finn

We consider a multi-agent reinforcement learning problem where each agent seeks to maximize a shared reward while interacting with other agents, and they may or may not be able to communicate. Typically the agents do not have access to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Alex Tong Lin , Mark J. Debord , Katia Estabridis , Gary Hewer , Guido Montufar , Stanley Osher

In modern ML Ops environments, model deployment is a critical process that traditionally relies on static heuristics such as validation error comparisons and A/B testing. However, these methods require human intervention to adapt to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 S. Aaron McClendon , Vishaal Venkatesh , Juan Morinelli