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This paper studies contextual biasing with Large Language Models (LLMs), where during second-pass rescoring additional contextual information is provided to a LLM to boost Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) performance. We propose to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Chuanneng Sun , Zeeshan Ahmed , Yingyi Ma , Zhe Liu , Lucas Kabela , Yutong Pang , Ozlem Kalinli

Recent studies of streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR) recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T)-based systems have fed the encoder with past contextual information in order to improve its word error rate (WER) performance. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-31 Alejandro Gomez-Alanis , Lukas Drude , Andreas Schwarz , Rupak Vignesh Swaminathan , Simon Wiesler

Neural sequence-to-sequence systems deliver state-of-the-art performance for automatic speech recognition. When using appropriate modeling units, e.g., byte-pair encoding, these systems are in principle open vocabulary systems. In practice,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Christian Huber , Alexander Waibel

Classifying the general intent of the user utterance in a conversation, also known as Dialogue Act (DA), e.g., open-ended question, statement of opinion, or request for an opinion, is a key step in Natural Language Understanding (NLU) for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Ali Ahmadvand , Jason Ingyu Choi , Eugene Agichtein

We explore context representation learning methods in neural-based models for dialog act classification. We propose and compare extensively different methods which combine recurrent neural network architectures and attention mechanisms…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-09 Daniel Ortega , Ngoc Thang Vu

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems have been gaining popularity in the recent years for their widespread usage in smart phones and speakers. Building ASR systems for task-specific scenarios is subject to the availability of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Saurav Jha

Large Language Models demonstrate outstanding performance in many language tasks but still face fundamental challenges in managing the non-linear flow of human conversation. The prevalent approach of treating dialogue history as a flat,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Junan Hu , Shudan Guo , Wenqi Liu , Jianhua Yin , Yinwei Wei

Recent language models have achieved impressive performance in natural language tasks by incorporating instructions with task input during fine-tuning. Since all samples in the same natural language task can be explained with the same task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Jin Myung Kwak , Minseon Kim , Sung Ju Hwang

Speech representations learned in a self-supervised fashion from massive unlabeled speech corpora have been adapted successfully toward several downstream tasks. However, such representations may be skewed toward canonical data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Anshu Bhatia , Sanchit Sinha , Saket Dingliwal , Karthik Gopalakrishnan , Sravan Bodapati , Katrin Kirchhoff

Context cues carry information which can improve multi-turn interactions in automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. In this paper, we introduce a novel mechanism inspired by hyper-prompting to fuse textual context with acoustic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Sergio Duarte-Torres , Arunasish Sen , Aman Rana , Lukas Drude , Alejandro Gomez-Alanis , Andreas Schwarz , Leif Rädel , Volker Leutnant

Building systems that can communicate with humans is a core problem in Artificial Intelligence. This work proposes a novel neural network architecture for response selection in an end-to-end multi-turn conversational dialogue setting. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Debanjan Chaudhuri , Agustinus Kristiadi , Jens Lehmann , Asja Fischer

Personalizing Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) for non-normative speech remains challenging because data collection is labor-intensive and model training is technically complex. To address these limitations, we propose Adapt4Me, a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Niclas Pokel , Yiming Zhao , Pehuén Moure , Yingqiang Gao , Roman Böhringer

Spoken dialogue systems allow humans to interact with machines using natural speech. As such, they have many benefits. By using speech as the primary communication medium, a computer interface can facilitate swift, human-like acquisition of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-12 Milica Gasic , Nikola Mrksic , Lina M. Rojas-Barahona , Pei-Hao Su , Stefan Ultes , David Vandyke , Tsung-Hsien Wen , Steve Young

When only a limited amount of accented speech data is available, to promote multi-accent speech recognition performance, the conventional approach is accent-specific adaptation, which adapts the baseline model to multiple target accents…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-06 Han Zhu , Li Wang , Pengyuan Zhang , Yonghong Yan

Recent dialogue coherence models use the coherence features designed for monologue texts, e.g. nominal entities, to represent utterances and then explicitly augment them with dialogue-relevant features, e.g., dialogue act labels. It…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Mohsen Mesgar , Sebastian Bücker , Iryna Gurevych

The success of interactive dialog systems is usually associated with the quality of the spoken language understanding (SLU) task, which mainly identifies the corresponding dialog acts and slot values in each turn. By treating utterances in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Ting-Wei Wu , Ruolin Su , Biing-Hwang Juang

End-to-End Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) has advanced significantly yet still struggles with rare and domain-specific entities. This paper introduces a simple yet efficient prompt-based biasing technique for contextualized ASR,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Bo Ren , Yu Shi , Jinyu Li

Language modeling (LM) for automatic speech recognition (ASR) does not usually incorporate utterance level contextual information. For some domains like voice assistants, however, additional context, such as the time at which an utterance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Richard Diehl Martinez , Scott Novotney , Ivan Bulyko , Ariya Rastrow , Andreas Stolcke , Ankur Gandhe

In this paper, we propose a language-universal adapter learning framework based on a pre-trained model for end-to-end multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR). For acoustic modeling, the wav2vec 2.0 pre-trained model is fine-tuned by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Zhijie Shen , Wu Guo , Bin Gu

Humans are capable of processing speech by making use of multiple sensory modalities. For example, the environment where a conversation takes place generally provides semantic and/or acoustic context that helps us to resolve ambiguities or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Ozan Caglayan , Ramon Sanabria , Shruti Palaskar , Loïc Barrault , Florian Metze