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Neural weather models have shown immense potential as inexpensive and accurate alternatives to physics-based models. However, most models trained to perform weather forecasting do not quantify the uncertainty associated with their…

In weather forecasting, nonhomogeneous regression is used to statistically postprocess forecast ensembles in order to obtain calibrated predictive distributions. For wind speed forecasts, the regression model is given by a truncated normal…

Applications · Statistics 2013-11-19 Sebastian Lerch , Thordis L. Thorarinsdottir

Although numerical weather forecasting methods have dominated the field, recent advances in deep learning methods, such as diffusion models, have shown promise in ensemble weather forecasting. However, such models are typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Kevin Valencia , Ziyang Liu , Justin Cui

Operational decisions relying on predictive distributions of electricity prices can result in significantly higher profits compared to those based solely on point forecasts. However, the majority of models developed in both academic and…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-10-08 Arkadiusz Lipiecki , Bartosz Uniejewski , Rafał Weron

Ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) is a statistical tool for post-processing forecast ensembles of weather variables obtained from multiple runs of numerical weather prediction models in order to produce calibrated predictive…

Applications · Statistics 2016-03-31 Sándor Baran , Sebastian Lerch

Mesoscale forecasts are now routinely performed as elements of operational forecasts and their outputs do appear convincing. However, despite their realistic appearance at times the comparison to observations is less favorable. At the grid…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2016-10-26 Markus Gross

The South Australia region of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) displays some of the highest levels of price volatility observed in modern electricity markets. This paper outlines an approach to probabilistic forecasting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Cameron Cornell , Nam Trong Dinh , S. Ali Pourmousavi

Data assimilation algorithms integrate prior information from numerical model simulations with observed data. Ensemble-based filters, regarded as state-of-the-art, are widely employed for large-scale estimation tasks in disciplines such as…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-24 Iris Rammelmüller , Gottfried Hastermann , Jana de Wiljes

In this work, we propose FlowTime, a generative model for probabilistic forecasting of multivariate timeseries data. Given historical measurements and optional future covariates, we formulate forecasting as sampling from a learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ahmed ElGazzar , Marcel van Gerven

Recently all major weather prediction centres provide forecast ensembles of different weather quantities which are obtained from multiple runs of numerical weather prediction models with various initial conditions and model…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-07-20 Sándor Baran , Dóra Nemoda

Probabilistic load forecasting (PLF) is a key component in the extended tool-chain required for efficient management of smart energy grids. Neural networks are widely considered to achieve improved prediction performances, supporting highly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-12 Alessandro Brusaferri , Matteo Matteucci , Stefano Spinelli , Andrea Vitali

Obtaining a sufficient forecast lead time for local precipitation is essential in preventing hazardous weather events. Global warming-induced climate change increases the challenge of accurately predicting severe precipitation events, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Sojung An , Junha Lee , Jiyeon Jang , Inchae Na , Wooyeon Park , Sujeong You

Seasonal weather forecasts are crucial for long-term planning in many practical situations and skillful forecasts may have substantial economic and humanitarian implications. Current seasonal forecasting models require statistical…

Modern weather forecasts are commonly issued as consistent multi-day forecast trajectories with a time resolution of 1-3 hours. Prior to issuing, statistical post-processing is routinely used to correct systematic errors and…

Applications · Statistics 2020-04-22 Nina Schuhen , Thordis Thorarinsdottir , Alex Lenkoski

Ensemble learning is a mainstay in modern data science practice. Conventional ensemble algorithms assigns to base models a set of deterministic, constant model weights that (1) do not fully account for variations in base model accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Jeremiah Zhe Liu , John Paisley , Marianthi-Anna Kioumourtzoglou , Brent A. Coull

Distribution-free uncertainty estimation for ensemble methods is increasingly desirable due to the widening deployment of multi-modal black-box predictive models. Conformal prediction is one approach that avoids such distributional…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-26 Eduardo Ochoa Rivera , Yash Patel , Ambuj Tewari

Machine learning-based Deepfake detection models have achieved impressive results on benchmark datasets, yet their performance often deteriorates significantly when evaluated on out-of-distribution data. In this work, we investigate an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Haroon Wahab , Hassan Ugail , Lujain Jaleel

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have become increasingly popular in computer vision, natural language processing, and other areas. However, training and fine-tuning a deep learning model is computationally intensive and time-consuming. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-04 Jiayi Liu , Samarth Tripathi , Unmesh Kurup , Mohak Shah

Ensembling multiple predictions is a widely used technique for improving the accuracy of various machine learning tasks. One obvious drawback of ensembling is its higher execution cost during inference. In this paper, we first describe our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Hiroshi Inoue

In this work, we demonstrate how to reliably estimate epistemic uncertainty while maintaining the flexibility needed to capture complicated aleatoric distributions. To this end, we propose an ensemble of Normalizing Flows (NF), which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Lucas Berry , David Meger