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Related papers: Machine learning for discovering laws of nature

200 papers

We numerically show that a deep neural network (DNN) can learn macroscopic thermodynamic laws purely from microscopic data. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we generate the data of snapshot images of gas particles undergoing adiabatic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-11-21 Hiroto Kuroyanagi , Tatsuro Yuge

In many situations, the decision maker observes items in sequence and needs to determine whether or not to retain a particular item immediately after it is observed. Any decision rule creates a set of items that are selected. We consider…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Abba M. Krieger , Moshe Pollak , Ester Samuel-Cahn

We describe a machine-learning system that uses linear vector-space based techniques for inference from observations to extend previous work on model construction for particle physics (Valdes-Perez 96, 94, Kocabas 91). The program searches…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Oliver Schulte , Mark S. Drew

A suite of impressive scientific discoveries have been driven by recent advances in artificial intelligence. These almost all result from training flexible algorithms to solve difficult optimization problems specified in advance by teams of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Ruairidh M. Battleday , Samuel J. Gershman

This paper presents a machine learning approach to discourse planning in natural language generation. More specifically, we address the problem of learning the most natural ordering of facts in discourse plans for a specific domain. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Aggeliki Dimitromanolaki , Ion Androutsopoulos

Fuelled by increasing computer power and algorithmic advances, machine learning techniques have become powerful tools for finding patterns in data. Since quantum systems produce counter-intuitive patterns believed not to be efficiently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-14 Jacob Biamonte , Peter Wittek , Nicola Pancotti , Patrick Rebentrost , Nathan Wiebe , Seth Lloyd

This paper is devoted to a systematic study of a class of binary trees encoding the structure of rational numbers both from arithmetic and dynamical point of view. The paper is divided into two parts. The first one is a critical review of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2008-05-16 Claudio Bonanno , Stefano Isola

A complete understanding of physical systems requires models that are accurate and obeys natural conservation laws. Recent trends in representation learning involve learning Lagrangian from data rather than the direct discovery of governing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-10 Tapas Tripura , Souvik Chakraborty

The automatic generation of decision trees based on off-line reasoning on models of a domain is a reasonable compromise between the advantages of using a model-based approach in technical domains and the constraints imposed by embedded…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-28 L. Console , C. Picardi , D. Theseider Duprè

How can cognitive science build generalizable theories that span the full scope of natural situations and behaviors? We argue that progress in Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers timely opportunities for cognitive science to embrace…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-25 Wilka Carvalho , Andrew Lampinen

General purpose intelligent learning agents cycle through (complex,non-MDP) sequences of observations, actions, and rewards. On the other hand, reinforcement learning is well-developed for small finite state Markov Decision Processes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-12-30 Marcus Hutter

This work examines the interconnections between logic, epistemology, and sciences within the Naturalist tradition. It presents a scheme that connects logic, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, and cognition, emphasizing…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic

Statistics and Optimization are foundational to modern Machine Learning. Here, we propose an alternative foundation based on Abstract Algebra, with mathematics that facilitates the analysis of learning. In this approach, the goal of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Fernando Martin-Maroto , Nabil Abderrahaman , David Mendez , Gonzalo G. de Polavieja

Weighting strategy prevails in machine learning. For example, a common approach in robust machine learning is to exert lower weights on samples which are likely to be noisy or quite hard. This study reveals another undiscovered strategy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Rujing Yao , Ou Wu

Before we attempt to learn a function between two (sets of) observables of a physical process, we must first decide what the inputs and what the outputs of the desired function are going to be. Here we demonstrate two distinct, data-driven…

We apply recent ideas about complexity and randomness to the philosophy of laws and chances. We develop two ways to use algorithmic randomness to characterize probabilistic laws of nature. The first, a generative chance* law, employs a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Jeffrey A. Barrett , Eddy Keming Chen

We discuss a methodology of machine learning to deduce the neutron star equation of state from a set of mass-radius observational data. We propose an efficient procedure to deal with a mapping from finite data points with observational…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-08-08 Yuki Fujimoto , Kenji Fukushima , Koichi Murase

Towards a future where machine learning systems will integrate into every aspect of people's lives, researching methods to interpret such systems is necessary, instead of focusing exclusively on enhancing their performance. Enriching the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Ioannis Mollas , Nick Bassiliades , Ioannis Vlahavas , Grigorios Tsoumakas

Neural networks have provided powerful approaches to solve various scientific problems. Many of them are even difficult for human experts who are good at accessing the physical laws from experimental data. We investigate whether neural…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-08 Jian Zhang , Yiming Liu , Z. C. Tu

Determining the stability of molecules and condensed phases is the cornerstone of atomistic modelling, underpinning our understanding of chemical and materials properties and transformations. Here we show that a machine learning model,…