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This paper presents a planning strategy for the deployment of smart electromagnetic entities (SEEs) to enhance the wireless coverage and the Quality-of-Service (QoS) in large urban areas. The integration of different technological solutions…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-11 Arianna Benoni , Marco Salucci , Baozhu Li , Andrea Massa

Reconfigurable antenna systems (RASs), such as fluid antennas and movable antennas, are poised to play a pivotal role in sixth-generation (6G) systems by dynamically adapting the antenna elements for system performance enhancement. However,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-27 Chen Xu , Xianghao Yu

The emerging technology of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) is provisioned as an enabler of smart wireless environments, offering a highly scalable, low-cost, hardware-efficient, and almost energy-neutral solution for dynamic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-11 George C. Alexandropoulos , Kyriakos Stylianopoulos , Chongwen Huang , Chau Yuen , Mehdi Bennis , Mérouane Debbah

Enabling technologies of 5G and beyond wireless communication networks, such as millimeter-wave communication, beamforming, and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems, are becoming increasingly dependent on accurate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Halise Turkmen , Muhammad Sohaib J. Solaija , Haji M. Furqan , Huseyin Arslan

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs), comprising large numbers of low-cost and passive metamaterials with tunable reflection properties, have been recently proposed as an enabler for programmable radio propagation environments.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Aris L. Moustakas , George C. Alexandropoulos , Mérouane Debbah

This Roadmap takes the reader on a journey through the research in electromagnetic wave propagation control via reconfigurable intelligent surfaces. Meta-surface modelling and design methods are reviewed along with physical realisation…

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) promise improved, secure and more efficient wireless communications. We propose and demonstrate how to exploit the diversity offered by RISs to generate and select easily differentiable radio maps…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-08 Cam Ly Nguyen , Orestis Georgiou , Gabriele Gradoni

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs), comprising large numbers of low-cost and almost passive metamaterials with tunable reflection properties, have been recently proposed as an enabling technology for programmable wireless…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Aris L. Moustakas , George C. Alexandropoulos , Mérouane Debbah

Sensing-assisted communication schemes have recently garnered significant research attention. In this work, we design a dual-function reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), integrating both active and passive elements, referred to as the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-14 Cheng Luo , Luping Xiang , Jie Hu , Kun Yang

As the wireless research community moves toward shaping the vision of sixth-generation (6G) networks, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) have emerged as a promising technology for controlling the propagation environment. Although RIS…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Prasetyo Putranto , Anis Amazigh Hamza , Sameh Mabrouki , Nasrullah Armi , Iyad Dayoub

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), also known as intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs), or large intelligent surfaces (LISs), have received significant attention for their potential to enhance the capacity and coverage of wireless…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-05 Yuanwei Liu , Xiao Liu , Xidong Mu , Tianwei Hou , Jiaqi Xu , Marco Di Renzo , Naofal Al-Dhahir

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) enable programmable control of wireless propagation. Beyond environmental deployments, integrating metasurfaces at the antenna front end allows direct manipulation of the radiated electromagnetic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-09 Chandan Kumar Sheemar , Wali Ullah Khan , Sourabh Solanki , George C. Alexandropoulos , Symeon Chatzinotas

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-empowered communication stands out as a solid candidate for future wireless networks due to its flexibility, ease of deployment, and attractive advantages to control the wireless propagation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Ertugrul Basar

The ever-growing popularity and rapid improving of artificial intelligence (AI) have raised rethinking on the evolution of wireless networks. Mobile edge computing (MEC) provides a natural platform for AI applications since it is with rich…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Shanfeng Huang , Shuai Wang , Rui Wang , Miaowen Wen , Kaibin Huang

In the sixth-generation (6G) era, emerging large-scale computing based applications (for example processing enormous amounts of images in real-time in autonomous driving) tend to lead to excessive energy consumption for the end users, whose…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-06 Bo Yang , Xuelin Cao , Chongwen Huang , Yong Liang Guan , Chau Yuen , Marco Di Renzo , Dusit Niyato , Merouane Debbah , Lajos Hanzo

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a type of wireless communication technology that uses a reconfigurable surface, such as a wall or building that is able to adjust its properties by an integrated optimization algorithm in order to…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-09-25 Emanuel Colella , Luca Bastianelli , Franco Moglie , Valter Mariani Primiani

In this work, we tackle the problem of beampattern design for a transmit system employing a large reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to redirect radio frequency signals emitted by a few active antennas (sources). We begin by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-15 Ciro D'Elia , Emanuele Grossi , Luca Venturino

We consider a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) that can implement a phase rotation continuously over the whole surface rather than via a finite number of discrete elements. Such an RIS can be considered a design for future systems…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-18 Amy S. Inwood , Peter J. Smith , Mahmoud AlaaEldin , Michail Matthaiou

An accurate and simple analytical model for the computation of the reflection amplitude and phase of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces is presented. The model is based on a transmission-line circuit representation of the RIS which takes…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-16 Filippo Costa , Michele Borgese

Next-generation cellular networks will witness the creation of smart radio environments (SREs), where walls and objects can be coated with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) to strengthen the communication and localization coverage…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Ahmed Elzanaty , Anna Guerra , Francesco Guidi , Mohamed-Slim Alouini