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Ransomware can produce direct and controllable economic loss, which makes it one of the most prominent threats in cyber security. As per the latest statistics, more than half of malwares reported in Q1 of 2017 are ransomware and there is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Manaar Alam , Sarani Bhattacharya , Debdeep Mukhopadhyay , Anupam Chattopadhyay

Ransomware has been an ongoing issue since the early 1990s. In recent times ransomware has spread from traditional computational resources to cyber-physical systems and industrial controls. We devised a series of experiments in which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Anthony Melaragno , William Casey

Toward robust malware detection, we explore the attack surface of existing malware detection systems. We conduct root-cause analyses of the practical binary-level black-box adversarial malware examples. Additionally, we uncover the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Ahmed Abusnaina , Yizhen Wang , Sunpreet Arora , Ke Wang , Mihai Christodorescu , David Mohaisen

The rise of ransomware attacks has necessitated the development of effective strategies for identifying and mitigating these threats. This research investigates the utilization of a feature selection algorithm for distinguishing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Mike Nkongolo

In multiple domains such as malware detection, automated driving systems, or fraud detection, classification algorithms are susceptible to being attacked by malicious agents willing to perturb the value of instance covariates to pursue…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-10 Victor Gallego , Roi Naveiro , Alberto Redondo , David Rios Insua , Fabrizio Ruggeri

This work provides the community with a timely comprehensive review of backdoor attacks and countermeasures on deep learning. According to the attacker's capability and affected stage of the machine learning pipeline, the attack surfaces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Yansong Gao , Bao Gia Doan , Zhi Zhang , Siqi Ma , Jiliang Zhang , Anmin Fu , Surya Nepal , Hyoungshick Kim

Detecting malware, especially ransomware, is essential to securing today's interconnected ecosystems, including cloud storage, enterprise file-sharing, and database services. Training high-performing artificial intelligence (AI) detectors…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Daniel M. Jimenez-Gutierrez , Enrique Zuazua , Joaquin Del Rio , Oleksii Sliusarenko , Xabi Uribe-Etxebarria

As AI-enabled cyber capabilities become more advanced, we propose "differential access" as a strategy to tilt the cybersecurity balance toward defense by shaping access to these capabilities. We introduce three possible approaches that form…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Shaun Ee , Chris Covino , Cara Labrador , Christina Krawec , Jam Kraprayoon , Joe O'Brien

In recent years, there has been a noticeable increase in cyberattacks using ransomware. Attackers use this malicious software to break into networks and harm computer systems. This has caused significant and lasting damage to various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Ali Mehrban , Shirin Karimi Geransayeh

Malware constitutes a major global risk affecting millions of users each year. Standard algorithms in detection systems perform insufficiently when dealing with malware passed through obfuscation tools. We illustrate this studying in detail…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Alberto Redondo , David Rios Insua

Ransomware poses a serious and fast-acting threat to critical systems, often encrypting files within seconds of execution. Research indicates that ransomware is the most reported cybercrime in terms of financial damage, highlighting the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Busra Caliskan , Ibrahim Gulatas , H. Hakan Kilinc , A. Halim Zaim

Ransomware is a growing threat that typically operates by either encrypting a victim's files or locking a victim's computer until the victim pays a ransom. However, it is still challenging to detect such malware timely with existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Muhammad Ejaz Ahmed , Hyoungshick Kim , Seyit Camtepe , Surya Nepal

Crypto-ransomware remains a significant threat to governments and companies alike, with high-profile cyber security incidents regularly making headlines. Many different detection systems have been proposed as solutions to the ever-changing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Simon R Davies , Richard Macfarlane , William J Buchanan

Neural ranking models (NRMs) and dense retrieval (DR) models have given rise to substantial improvements in overall retrieval performance. In addition to their effectiveness, and motivated by the proven lack of robustness of deep…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Yu-An Liu , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Maarten de Rijke , Wei Chen , Yixing Fan , Xueqi Cheng

Ransomware represents a pervasive threat, traditionally countered at the operating system, file-system, or network levels. However, these approaches often introduce significant overhead and remain susceptible to circumvention by attackers.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Nicolas Reategui , Roman Pletka , Dionysios Diamantopoulos

Researchers have proposed a wide range of ransomware detection and analysis schemes. However, most of these efforts have focused on older families targeting Windows 7/8 systems. Hence there is a critical need to develop efficient solutions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Aldin Vehabovic , Hadi Zanddizari , Nasir Ghani , Farooq Shaikh , Elias Bou-Harb , Morteza Safaei Pour , Jorge Crichigno

We present a novel approach to identify ransomware campaigns derived from attack timelines representations within victim networks. Malicious activity profiles developed from multiple alert sources support the construction of alert graphs.…

File encrypting ransomware increasingly employs intermittent encryption techniques, encrypting only parts of files to evade classical detection methods. These strategies, exemplified by ransomware families like BlackCat, complicate file…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ynes Ineza , Gerald Jackson , Prince Niyonkuru , Jaden Kevil , Abdul Serwadda

Adversarial machine learning in the context of image processing and related applications has received a large amount of attention. However, adversarial machine learning, especially adversarial deep learning, in the context of malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Deqiang Li , Ramesh Baral , Tao Li , Han Wang , Qianmu Li , Shouhuai Xu

Ransomware has become an increasingly popular type of malware across the past decade and continues to rise in popularity due to its high profitability. Organisations and enterprises have become prime targets for ransomware as they are more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Grant McDonald , Pavlos Papadopoulos , Nikolaos Pitropakis , Jawad Ahmad , William J. Buchanan