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A family of Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) methods is designed to maximize the resource of existing noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. However, VQE approaches encounter various difficulties in simulating molecules of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-08-16 M. D. Sapova , A. K. Fedorov

We present calculations of the ground and excited state energies of spin defects in solids carried out on a quantum computer, using a hybrid classical/quantum protocol. We focus on the negatively charged nitrogen vacancy center in diamond…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Benchen Huang , Marco Govoni , Giulia Galli

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a leading hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for simulating many-body systems in the NISQ era. Its effectiveness, however, depends on the faithful preparation of eigenstates, which becomes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Ashutosh P. Tripathi , Nilmani Mathur , Vikram Tripathi

Variational approaches, such as variational Monte Carlo (VMC) or the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), are powerful techniques to tackle the ground-state many-electron problem. Often, the family of variational states is not invariant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-10 Javier Robledo Moreno , Jeffrey Cohn , Dries Sels , Mario Motta

A variational framework for structural topology optimization is developed, integrating quantum and classical latent encoding strategies within a coordinate-based neural decoding architecture. In this approach, a low-dimensional latent…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Alireza Tabarraei

A central component of variational quantum algorithms (VQA) is the state-preparation circuit, also known as ansatz or variational form. This circuit is most commonly designed to respect the symmetries of the problem Hamiltonian and, in this…

Materials simulations involving strongly correlated electrons pose fundamental challenges to state-of-the-art electronic structure methods but are hypothesized to be the ideal use case for quantum computing. To date, no quantum computer has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-25 Jacob M. Clary , Eric B. Jones , Derek Vigil-Fowler , Christopher Chang , Peter Graf

Variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is an appealing candidate for the application of near-term quantum computers. A technique introduced in [Higgot et al., Quantum 3, 156 (2019)], which is named variational quantum deflation (VQD), has…

The quantum-classical hybrid variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm is arguably the most popular noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era approach to quantum chemistry. We consider the underexplored quantum annealing eigensolver…

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithm has been developed to target near term Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers as a method to find the eigenvalues of Hamiltonians. Unlike fully quantum algorithms such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Taylor Harville , Rishu Khurana , Vitor F. Grizzi , Cong Liu

Harnessing the full power of nascent quantum processors requires the efficient management of a limited number of quantum bits with finite lifetime. Hybrid algorithms leveraging classical resources have demonstrated promising initial results…

Designing compact and accurate circuits for the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a central challenge in near-term quantum chemistry. Existing adaptive methods such as ADAPT-VQE design circuits by iteratively selecting operators from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Jianpeng Chen , Zirui Sheng , Cunxi Gong , Weitang Li

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is generally regarded as a promising quantum algorithm for near-term noisy quantum computers. However, when implemented with the deep circuits that are in principle required for achieving a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-05 Simone Cantori , Andrea Mari , David Vitali , Sebastiano Pilati

We explore the application of the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) to investigate the ground state properties, particularly the entanglement entropy, of the Transverse Field Ising Model (TFIM) in one, two, and three dimensions,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Ashutosh P. Tripathi , Nilmani Mathur , Vikram Tripathi

We present a new optimization method for small-to-intermediate scale variational algorithms on noisy near-term quantum processors which uses a Gaussian process surrogate model equipped with a classically-evaluated quantum kernel.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-16 Alistair W. R. Smith , A. J. Paige , M. S. Kim

We experimentally demonstrate a qubit-efficient variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm using a superconducting quantum processor, employing minimal quantum resources with only a transmon qubit coupled to a high-coherence photonic…

We consider the feasibility of studying the anisotropic Heisenberg quantum spin chain with the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithm, by treating Bethe states as variational states, and Bethe roots as variational parameters. For…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-26 Rafael I. Nepomechie

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are a class of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms that leverage on classical optimization tools to find the optimal parameters for a parameterized quantum circuit. One relevant application of VQAs is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Mirko Legnini , Julian Berberich

The still-maturing noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) technology faces strict limitations on the algorithms that can be implemented efficiently. In quantum chemistry, the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm has become…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-29 Daniel Claudino , Bo Peng , Nicholas P. Bauman , Karol Kowalski , Travis S. Humble

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is an algorithm for finding the ground states of a given Hamiltonian. Its application to binary-formulated combinatorial optimization (CO) has been widely studied in recent years. However, typical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Ningyi Xie , Xinwei Lee , Tiejin Chen , Yoshiyuki Saito , Nobuyoshi Asai , Dongsheng Cai
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