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For two decades the hot big-bang model as been referred to as the standard cosmology -- and for good reason. For just as long cosmologists have known that there are fundamental questions that are not answered by the standard cosmology and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael S. Turner

The study of the Universe and all its contents, the physical phenomena and the evolution of the sky objects has always attracted the Humanity. The Astronomy begins to try to explain these things, others sciences too. Therefore, we think a…

Physics Education · Physics 2020-03-10 Vinicius A Oliveira

The astrobiology is an interdisciplinary science, combining the methods and the means of physics, biology, chemistry and astronomy. Its main purpose is to find out if the exoplanets are habitable and if so, to confirm life on them. The…

Popular Physics · Physics 2021-05-21 Hristo Delev

Under the assumption that General Relativity (GR) correctly describes the phenomenology of our Universe, astronomical observations provide compelling evidence that (1) the dynamics of cosmic structure is dominated by dark matter (DM), an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-02-19 A. Diaferio

The study of exoplanetary atmospheres is one of the most exciting and dynamic frontiers in astronomy. Over the past two decades ongoing surveys have revealed an astonishing diversity in the planetary masses, radii, temperatures, orbital…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Nikku Madhusudhan , Heather Knutson , Jonathan Fortney , Travis Barman

Dark matter represents currently an outstanding problem in both cosmology and particle physics. In this review we discuss the possible explanations for dark matter and the experimental observables which can eventually lead to the discovery…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-04-26 A. Arbey , F. Mahmoudi

The idea of a Mutiverse is controversial, although it is a natural possible solution to particle physics and cosmological fine-tuning problems (FTPs). Here I explore the analogy between the Multiverse proposal and the proposal that there…

General Physics · Physics 2015-06-29 Osame Kinouchi

Recent cosmological and astrophysical observations point out that the Universe is in accelerating expansion and filled up with non-luminous matter. In order to explain the observed large scale structures and this accelerating behavior one…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-04-23 S. Capozziello , G. Lambiase

Today, we know ~4330 exoplanets orbiting their host stars in ~3200 planetary systems. The diversity of these exoplanets is large, and none of the known exoplanets is a twin to any of the solar system planets, nor is any of the known…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-15 Christiane Helling

Exoplanets, or planets outside our own solar system, have long been of interest to astronomers; however, only in the past two decades have scientists had the technology to characterize and study planets so far away from us. With advanced…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-09 Jason Wei

Astrophysical research into exoplanets has delivered thousands of confirmed planets orbiting distant stars. These planets span a wide ranges of size and composition, with diversity also being the hallmark of system configurations, the great…

The exoplanet detection is the most exciting and challenging field of astronomy. The discovery of many exoplanets has revolutionized our understanding of the formation and evolution of planetary systems and has showed new ways to search for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-19 Mahima Kaushik , Aditee Mattoo , Ritesh Rastogi

Understanding the consequences of the gravitational interaction between a star and a planet is fundamental to the study of exoplanets. The solution of the two-body problem shows that the planet moves in an elliptical path around the star…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-28 Carl D. Murray , Alexandre C. M. Correia

Cosmoparticle physics is the natural result of development of mutual relationship between cosmology and particle physics. Its prospects offer the way to study the theory of everything and the true history of the Universe, based on it, in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Maxim Yu. Khlopov

Last couple of decades have been the golden age for cosmology. High quality data confirmed the broad paradigm of standard cosmology but have thrusted upon us a preposterous composition for the universe which defies any simple explanation,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-23 T. Padmanabhan

It goes without saying that we are stuck with the universe we have. Nevertheless, we would like to go beyond simply describing our observed universe, and try to understand why it is that way rather than some other way. Physicists and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Sean M. Carroll

We review the current theory of how galaxies form within the cosmological framework provided by the cold dark matter paradigm for structure formation. Beginning with the pre-galactic evolution of baryonic material we describe the analytical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Andrew J. Benson

The evidence is that the mass of the universe is dominated by an exotic nonbaryonic form of matter largely draped around the galaxies. It approximates an initially low pressure gas of particles that interact only with gravity, but we know…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-23 P. J. E. Peebles

Are there other planetary systems in our Universe? Indirect evidence has been found for planets orbiting other stars in our galaxy: the gravity of orbiting planets makes the star wobble, and the resulting periodic Doppler shifts have been…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Edward A. Baltz , Paolo Gondolo

With each passing decade, we gain new appreciation for the dynamic, connected, and often violent nature of the Universe. This reality necessarily places the study of high-energy processes at the very heart of modern astrophysics. This White…