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Tool learning with foundation models aims to endow AI systems with the ability to invoke external resources -- such as APIs, computational utilities, and specialized models -- to solve complex tasks beyond the reach of standalone language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Gabriele Mattioli , Evelyn Turri , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Competitive programming benchmarks are widely used in scenarios such as programming contests and large language model assessments. However, the growing presence of duplicate or highly similar problems raises concerns not only about…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Han Deng , Yuan Meng , Shixiang Tang , Wanli Ouyang , Xinzhu Ma

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a common strategy for updating large language model (LLM) responses with current, external information. However, models may still rely on memorized training data, bypass the retrieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Le Vu Anh , Nguyen Viet Anh , Mehmet Dik , Luong Van Nghia

Foundation models are redefining how AI systems are built. Practitioners now follow a standard procedure to build their machine learning solutions: from a pre-trained foundation model, they fine-tune the weights on the target task of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Alexandre Ramé , Kartik Ahuja , Jianyu Zhang , Matthieu Cord , Léon Bottou , David Lopez-Paz

Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) harbor inherent social biases that can result in harmful real-world implications. Such social biases are measured through the probability values that PLMs output for different social groups and attributes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Rafal Kocielnik , Shrimai Prabhumoye , Vivian Zhang , Roy Jiang , R. Michael Alvarez , Anima Anandkumar

This paper introduces RG (Relational Genetic) model, a revised relational model to represent graph-structured data in RDBMS while preserving its topology, for efficiently and effectively extracting data in different formats from disparate…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Wenzhi Fu

Large language models like ChatGPT are increasingly used in classrooms, but they often provide outdated or fabricated information that can mislead students. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) improves reliability of LLMs by grounding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Amay Jain , Liu Cui , Si Chen

Bugs are notoriously challenging: they slow down software users and result in time-consuming investigations for developers. These challenges are exacerbated when bugs must be reported in natural language by users. Indeed, we lack reliable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Laura Plein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

Scientific research heavily depends on suitable datasets for method validation, but existing academic platforms with dataset management like PapersWithCode suffer from inefficiencies in their manual workflow. To overcome this bottleneck, we…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Anjie Xu , Ruiqing Ding , Leye Wang

In enterprise settings, efficiently retrieving relevant information from large and complex knowledge bases is essential for operational productivity and informed decision-making. This research presents a systematic empirical framework for…

In the field of urban planning, general-purpose large language models often struggle to meet the specific needs of planners. Tasks like generating urban planning texts, retrieving related information, and evaluating planning documents pose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-01 He Zhu , Wenjia Zhang , Nuoxian Huang , Boyang Li , Luyao Niu , Zipei Fan , Tianle Lun , Yicheng Tao , Junyou Su , Zhaoya Gong , Chenyu Fang , Xing Liu

Careful curation of data sources can significantly improve the performance of LLM pre-training, but predominant approaches rely heavily on intuition or costly trial-and-error, making them difficult to generalize across different data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Thomson Yen , Andrew Wei Tung Siah , Haozhe Chen , Tianyi Peng , Daniel Guetta , Hongseok Namkoong

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive impact in the field of natural language processing, but they still struggle with several issues regarding, such as completeness, timeliness, faithfulness and adaptability. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Xintao Wang , Qianwen Yang , Yongting Qiu , Jiaqing Liang , Qianyu He , Zhouhong Gu , Yanghua Xiao , Wei Wang

Language models have shown promise in various tasks but can be affected by undesired data during training, fine-tuning, or alignment. For example, if some unsafe conversations are wrongly annotated as safe ones, the model fine-tuned on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Zhaowei Zhu , Jialu Wang , Hao Cheng , Yang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) often generate inaccurate responses (hallucinations) when faced with questions beyond their knowledge scope. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this by leveraging external knowledge, but a critical…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Haoxiang Jin , Ronghan Li , Zixiang Lu , Qiguang Miao

Evaluating the quality of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and document reranking systems remains challenging due to the lack of scalable, user-centric, and multi-perspective evaluation tools. We introduce RankArena, a unified platform…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Abdelrahman Abdallah , Mahmoud Abdalla , Bhawna Piryani , Jamshid Mozafari , Mohammed Ali , Adam Jatowt

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated excellent performance, inspiring researchers to explore their use in automating register transfer level (RTL) code generation and improving hardware design efficiency. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Peiyang Wu , Nan Guo , Xiao Xiao , Wenming Li , Xiaochun Ye , Dongrui Fan

With the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), the quality of training data has become crucial. Among the various types of training data, mathematical data plays a key role in enabling LLMs to acquire strong reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Hao Liang , Meiyi Qiang , Yuying Li , Zefeng He , Yongzhen Guo , Zhengzhou Zhu , Wentao Zhang , Bin Cui

Significant advancements have recently been made in large language models represented by GPT models. Users frequently have multi-round private conversations with cloud-hosted GPT models for task optimization. Yet, this operational paradigm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Junjie Chu , Zeyang Sha , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

A search engine's ability to retrieve desirable datasets is important for data sharing and reuse. Existing dataset search engines typically rely on matching queries to dataset descriptions. However, a user may not have enough prior…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Zhiyu Chen , Haiyan Jia , Jeff Heflin , Brian D. Davison