Related papers: On Lehmer's problem and related problems

Let $M\colon (0,1) \to [e,+\infty)$ be a decreasing function such that $\int\limits_{0}^{1}\log\log M(y)dy<+\infty$. Consider the set $H_M$ of all functions $u$ harmonic in $P:=\{(x,y)\in \mathbb{R}^n: x\in \mathbb{R}^{n-1}, y\in…

Let $\Omega:=\left( a,b\right) \subset\mathbb{R}$, $m\in L^{1}\left( \Omega\right) $ and $\lambda>0$ be a real parameter. Let $\mathcal{L}$ be the differential operator given by $\mathcal{L}u:=-\phi\left( u^{\prime}\right) ^{\prime}+r\left(…

Let $p_n$ denote the $n$-th prime. For any $m\geq 1$, there exist infinitely many $n$ such that $p_{n}-p_{n-m}\leq C_m$ for some large constant $C_m>0$, and $$p_{n+1}-p_n\geq \frac{c_m\log n\log\log n\log\log\log\log n}{\log\log\log n}, $$…

Let $A$ be an infinite set of natural numbers. For $n\in \mathbb{N}$, let $r(A, n)$ denote the number of solutions of the equation $n=a+b$ with $a, b\in A, a\le b$. Let $|A(x)|$ be the number of integers in $A$ which are less than or equal…

The purpose of this paper is to introduce basic concepts that are fundamental in the examination of composite moduli, while avoiding the notoriously difficult problem of prime-factorization. We introduce a new class of numbers, called…

Let $f$ be a Rademacher random multiplicative function. Let $$M_f(u):=\sum_{n \leq u} f(n)$$ be the partial sum of $f$. Let $V_f(x)$ denote the number of sign changes of $M_f(u)$ up to $x$. We show that for any constant $c > 2$, $$V_f(x) =…

In this paper we prove that every collection of measurable functions $f_\alpha$, $|\alpha|=m$ coincides a.e. with $m$th order derivatives of a function $g\in C^{m-1}$ whose derivatives of order $m-1$ may have any modulus of continuity…

Montgomery's Lemma on the torus $\mathbb{T}^d$ states that a sum of $N$ Dirac masses cannot be orthogonal to many low-frequency trigonometric functions in a quantified way. We provide an extension to general manifolds that also allows for…

We investigate the sums $\sum_{n\le X, (n,q)=1}\frac{\mu(n)}{n^s}\log^k\left(\frac{X}{n}\right)$, where $k\in\{0,1\}$, $s\in\mathbb{C}$, $\Re s>0$. Our goal is to obtain explicit asymptotic estimations for these quantities. To achieve this,…

We obtain a totient analogue for Linnik's theorem in arithmetic progressions. Specifically, for any coprime pair of positive integers $(m,a)$ such that $m$ is odd, there exists $n\le m^{2+o(1)}$ such that $\varphi(n)\equiv…

Let $[\, \cdot\,]$ be the floor function. In this paper we show that every sufficiently large positive integer $N$ can be represented in the form \begin{equation*} N=[p_1\log p_1]+[p_2\log p_2]+[p_3\log p_3], \end{equation*} where $p_1,\,…

In this note, we show that if $N$ is an odd perfect number and $q^{\alpha}$ is some prime power exactly dividing it, then $\sigma(N/q^{\alpha})/q^{\alpha}>5$. In general, we also show that if $\sigma(N/q^{\alpha})/q^{\alpha}<K$, where $K$…

An \emph{indexing} of a finite set $S$ is a bijection $D : \{1,...,|S|\} \rightarrow S$. We present an indexing for the set of quadratic residues modulo $N$ that is decodable in polynomial time on the size of $N$, given the factorization of…

Let $Z(t)=\chi^{-1/2}(1/2+it)\zeta(1/2+it)=e^{i\theta(t)}\zeta(1/2+it)$ be Hardy's function and $g(n)$ be the $n$-th Gram points defined by $\theta(g(n))=\pi n$. Titchmarsh proved that $\sum_{n \leq N} Z(g(2n)) =2N+O(N^{3/4}\log^{3/4}N) $…

A sumtest for a discrete semimeasure $P$ is a function $f$ mapping bitstrings to non-negative rational numbers such that \[ \sum P(x)f(x) \le 1 \,. \] Sumtests are the discrete analogue of Martin-L\"of tests. The behavior of sumtests for…

These are classified by the direction of approximation (from above or below), the set family types (partition or covering) of simple functions, the coefficient signature (non-negative or signed), and cardinal number of terms of simple…

Let $S(t)$ denote the argument of the Riemann zeta-function, defined as $$ S(t)=\dfrac{1}{\pi}\,\Im\log\zeta(1/2+it). $$ Assuming the Riemann hypothesis, we prove that $$ S(t)=\Omega_{\pm}\bigg(\dfrac{\log t\log\log\log t}{\log\log…

In this paper, we first characterize the polar decomposition of unbounded weighted composition operator pairs $\textbf{C}_{\phi,\omega}$ in an $L^2$-space. Based on this characterization, we introduce the $\lambda$-spherical mean transform…

Let M=M(n,q) be the average of the orders of the elements in the finite unitary group U(n,q). The asymptotic estimate log(M)=nlog(q)-log(n) +o(log n) is proved.

We show that for any polynomial $f$ from the integers to the integers, with positive leading coefficient and irreducible over the rationals, if $x$ is large enough then there is a string of $(\log x)(\log\log x)^{1/835}$ consecutive…