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Large Language Models (LLMs), typified by OpenAI's GPT, have marked a significant advancement in artificial intelligence. Trained on vast amounts of text data, LLMs are capable of understanding and generating human-like text across a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Haochen Zhang , Yuyang Dong , Chuan Xiao , Masafumi Oyamada

This paper investigates whether large language models (LLMs) are state-of-the-art quality estimators for machine translation of user-generated content (UGC) that contains emotional expressions, without the use of reference translations. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Shenbin Qian , Constantin Orăsan , Diptesh Kanojia , Félix do Carmo

Automatic evaluation of various text quality criteria produced by data-driven intelligent methods is very common and useful because it is cheap, fast, and usually yields repeatable results. In this paper, we present an attempt to automate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Erion Çano , Ondřej Bojar

Previous research has shown that LLMs have potential in multilingual NLG evaluation tasks. However, existing research has not fully explored the differences in the evaluation capabilities of LLMs across different languages. To this end,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Jiayi Chang , Mingqi Gao , Xinyu Hu , Xiaojun Wan

In the rapidly evolving field of Explainable Natural Language Processing (NLP), textual explanations, i.e., human-like rationales, are pivotal for explaining model predictions and enriching datasets with interpretable labels. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Mahdi Dhaini , Juraj Vladika , Ege Erdogan , Zineb Attaoui , Gjergji Kasneci

Causal reasoning is a core component of intelligence. Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in generating human-like text, raising questions about whether their responses reflect true understanding or statistical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Hanna M. Dettki , Brenden M. Lake , Charley M. Wu , Bob Rehder

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into our everyday lives, understanding their ability to comprehend human mental states becomes critical for ensuring effective interactions. However, despite the recent attempts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Kanishk Gandhi , Jan-Philipp Fränken , Tobias Gerstenberg , Noah D. Goodman

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has shifted language model evaluation toward reasoning and problem-solving tasks as measures of general intelligence. Small Language Models (SLMs) -- defined here as models under 10B parameters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Gabriel Benedict , Matthew Butler , Naved Merchant , Eetu Salama-Laine

We evaluate recent Large Language Models (LLMs) on the challenging task of summarizing short stories, which can be lengthy, and include nuanced subtext or scrambled timelines. Importantly, we work directly with authors to ensure that the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Melanie Subbiah , Sean Zhang , Lydia B. Chilton , Kathleen McKeown

Effective collaboration requires groups to strategically regulate themselves to overcome challenges. Research has shown that groups may fail to regulate due to differences in members' perceptions of challenges which may benefit from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Wannapon Suraworachet , Jennifer Seon , Mutlu Cukurova

Validating evaluation metrics for NLG typically relies on expensive and time-consuming human annotations, which predominantly exist only for English datasets. We propose \textit{LLM as a Meta-Judge}, a scalable framework that utilizes LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Lukáš Eigler , Jindřich Libovický , David Hurych

In this study, we investigate the capabilities and inherent biases of advanced large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 in the context of debate evaluation. We discover that LLM's performance exceeds humans and surpasses the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Xinyi Liu , Pinxin Liu , Hangfeng He

E-commerce platforms require structured product data in the form of attribute-value pairs to offer features such as faceted product search or attribute-based product comparison. However, vendors often provide unstructured product…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Alexander Brinkmann , Roee Shraga , Christian Bizer

Despite the success of Large Language Models (LLMs) on various tasks following human instructions, controlling model generation at inference time poses a persistent challenge. In this paper, we introduce Ctrl-G, an adaptable framework that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Honghua Zhang , Po-Nien Kung , Masahiro Yoshida , Guy Van den Broeck , Nanyun Peng

Using Large Language Models (LLMs) for relevance assessments offers promising opportunities to improve Information Retrieval (IR), Natural Language Processing (NLP), and related fields. Indeed, LLMs hold the promise of allowing IR…

Gender-neutral translation (GNT) aims to avoid expressing the gender of human referents when the source text lacks explicit cues about the gender of those referents. Evaluating GNT automatically is particularly challenging, with current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Andrea Piergentili , Beatrice Savoldi , Matteo Negri , Luisa Bentivogli

Introduction: Large language models (LLMs) can process requests and generate texts, but their feasibility for assessing complex academic content needs further investigation. To explore LLM's potential in assisting scientific review, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yinuo Liu , Emre Sezgin , Eric A. Youngstrom

We present a comprehensive study of answer quality evaluation in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) applications using vRAG-Eval, a novel grading system that is designed to assess correctness, completeness, and honesty. We further map the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Yang Wang , Alberto Garcia Hernandez , Roman Kyslyi , Nicholas Kersting

Evaluating personalized text generated by large language models (LLMs) is challenging, as only the LLM user, i.e., prompt author, can reliably assess the output, but re-engaging the same individuals across studies is infeasible. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Alireza Salemi , Julian Killingback , Hamed Zamani

Automatically generating feedback via large language models (LLMs) in intelligent tutoring systems and online learning platforms has the potential to improve the learning outcomes of many students. However, both feedback generation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Alexander Scarlatos , Digory Smith , Simon Woodhead , Andrew Lan