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Within wind farms, wake effects between turbines can significantly reduce overall energy production. Wind farm flow control encompasses methods designed to mitigate these effects through coordinated turbine control. Wake steering, for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Elie Kadoche , Pascal Bianchi , Florence Carton , Philippe Ciblat , Damien Ernst

This study proposes a novel machine learning (ML) methodology for the efficient and cost-effective prediction of high-fidelity three-dimensional velocity fields in the wake of utility-scale turbines. The model consists of an auto-encoder…

Improving the power output from wind farms is vital in transitioning to renewable electricity generation. However, in wind farms, wind turbines often operate in the wake of other turbines, leading to a reduction in the wind speed and the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-07-31 Andrew Mole , Sylvain Laizet

This work presents a combined feedforward-feedback wake redirection framework for wind farm control. The FLORIS wake model, a control-oriented steady-state wake model is used to calculate optimal yaw angles for a given wind farm layout and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-23 Steffen Raach , Bart Doekemeijer , Sjoerd Boersma , Jan-Willem van Wingerden , Po Wen Cheng

We present a novel approach to optimize wind farm layouts for maximum annual energy production (AEP). The optimization effort requires efficient wake models to predict the wake flow and, subsequently, the power generation of wind farms with…

The global transition towards renewable energy has accelerated the deployment of utility-scale wind farms, increasing the need for accurate performance and economic assessments. Although wind energy offers substantial potential for carbon…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-25 Ann Mary Toms , Xingpeng Li

Different machine learning (ML) models are trained on SCADA and meteorological data collected at an onshore wind farm and then assessed in terms of fidelity and accuracy for predictions of wind speed, turbulence intensity, and power capture…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-12-06 C. Moss , R. Maulik , G. V. Iungo

The wind farm control problem is challenging, since conventional model-based control strategies require tractable models of complex aerodynamical interactions between the turbines and suffer from the curse of dimension when the number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Claire Bizon Monroc , Ana Bušić , Donatien Dubuc , Jiamin Zhu

This study presents a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) framework for load-constrained wind farm flow control (WFFC). While wake steering can enhance total wind farm power, it often introduces increased structural loads on…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-07 Teodor Åstrand , Marcus Binder Nilsen , Iasonas Tsaklis , Tuhfe Göçmen , Pierre-Elouan Réthoré , Nikolay Dimitrov

To provide automatic generation control (AGC) service, wind farms (WFs) are required to control their operation dynamically to track the time-varying power reference. Wake effects impose significant aerodynamic interactions among turbines,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-25 Kaixuan Chen , Jin Lin , Yiwei Qiu , Feng Liu , Yonghua Song

Accurate, efficient prediction of wind flow with wake effects is crucial for wind-farm layout and power forecasting. Existing approaches-physical measurements, numerical simulations, physics-based models, and data-driven models-face…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-09-26 Dong Xu , Zhaobin Li , Xiaolei Yang , Peng Hou , Bruno Carmo , Xuerui Mao

In this paper, wake steering is applied to multirotor turbines to determine whether it has the potential to reduce wind plant wake losses. Through application of rotor yaw to multirotor turbines, a new degree of freedom is introduced to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-03-23 Gustav A. Speakman , Mahdi Abkar , Luis A. Martínez-Tossas , Majid Bastankhah

With the rapid growth of wind power penetration, wind farms (WFs) are required to implement frequency regulation that active power control to track a given power reference. Due to the wake interaction of the wind turbines (WTs), there is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-31 Cheng Zhong , Yicheng Ding , Husai Wang , Jikai Chen , Jian Wang , Yang Li

This paper proposes a novel approach for optimal energy and reserve scheduling of wind farms by explicitly modelling wake interactions to enhance market participation and operational efficiency. Conventional methods often neglect wake…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-14 Marin Mabboux-Fort , Majid Bastankhah , Peter C Matthews , Mokhtar Bozorg

Validating engineering wake models under real-world operational conditions is essential for improving wind farm performance predictions. This study uses a unique dataset from the Lillgrund offshore wind farm, collected during the Horizon…

Active wake control (AWC) has emerged as a promising strategy for enhancing wind turbine wake recovery, but accurately modelling its underlying fluid mechanisms remains challenging. This study presents a computationally efficient wake model…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-06-25 Zhaobin Li , Xiaolei Yang

This paper presents a new generation of fast-running physics-based models to predict the wake of a semi-infinite wind farm, extending infinitely in the lateral direction but with finite size in the streamwise direction. The assumption of a…

Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a promising approach for adaptive wind farm flow control, yet its practical deployment is hindered by slow training convergence and poor initial performance, factors that could translate to years of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Marcus Binder Nilsen , Julian Quick , Tuhfe Göçmen , Nikolay Dimitrov , Pierre-Elouan Réthoré

In this study, we present an improved formulation for the wake-added turbulence to enhance the accuracy of intra-farm and farm-to-farm wake modeling through analytical frameworks. Our goal is to address the tendency of a commonly used…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-12-11 Navid Zehtabiyan-Rezaie , Josephine Perto Justsen , Mahdi Abkar

Wind farm design primarily depends on the variability of the wind turbine wake flows to the atmospheric wind conditions, and the interaction between wakes. Physics-based models that capture the wake flow-field with high-fidelity are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-17 S. Ashwin Renganathan , Romit Maulik , Stefano Letizia , Giacomo Valerio Iungo
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