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Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved amazing zero-shot learning performance over a variety of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, especially for text generative tasks. Yet, the large size of LLMs often leads to the high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Yukang Xie , Chengyu Wang , Junbing Yan , Jiyong Zhou , Feiqi Deng , Jun Huang

Organizations are increasingly adopting and adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) hosted on public repositories such as HuggingFace. Although these adaptations often improve performance on specialized downstream tasks, recent evidence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Mina Taraghi , Yann Pequignot , Amin Nikanjam , Mohamed Amine Merzouk , Foutse Khomh

Recently, fine-tuning language models pre-trained on large text corpora have provided huge improvements on vision-and-language (V&L) tasks as well as on pure language tasks. However, fine-tuning the entire parameter set of pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Yi-Lin Sung , Jaemin Cho , Mohit Bansal

Recent speech foundation models excel at multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR) for high-resource languages, but adapting them to low-resource languages remains challenging due to data scarcity and efficiency constraints.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Yang Xiao , Eun-Jung Holden , Ting Dang

Foundation Vision-Language Models (VLMs) trained using large-scale open-domain images and text pairs have recently been adapted to develop Vision-Language Segmentation Models (VLSMs) that allow providing text prompts during inference to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Manish Dhakal , Rabin Adhikari , Safal Thapaliya , Bishesh Khanal

Transformer architectures have achieved remarkable success in various domains. While efficient alternatives to Softmax Attention have been widely studied, the search for more expressive mechanisms grounded in theoretical insight-even at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yifei Zuo , Yutong Yin , Zhichen Zeng , Ang Li , Banghua Zhu , Zhaoran Wang

This paper develops an ensemble method for fine-tuning a language model to multiple datasets. Existing methods, such as quantized LoRA (QLoRA), are efficient when adapting to a single dataset. When training on multiple datasets of different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Dongyue Li , Ziniu Zhang , Lu Wang , Hongyang R. Zhang

Parameter-efficient transfer learning (PETL) is an emerging research spot aimed at inexpensively adapting large-scale pre-trained models to downstream tasks. Recent advances have achieved great success in saving storage costs for various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Gen Luo , Minglang Huang , Yiyi Zhou , Xiaoshuai Sun , Guannan Jiang , Zhiyu Wang , Rongrong Ji

The pretrain-then-finetune paradigm has been widely used in various unimodal and multimodal tasks. However, finetuning all the parameters of a pre-trained model becomes prohibitive as the model size grows exponentially. To address this…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Hongye Liu , Xianhai Xie , Yang Gao , Size Li , Zhou YU

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized Natural Language Processing (NLP), but their size creates computational bottlenecks. We introduce a novel approach to create accurate, sparse foundational versions of performant LLMs that…

There is a consensus that instruction fine-tuning of LLMs requires high-quality data, but what are they? LIMA (NeurIPS 2023) and AlpaGasus (ICLR 2024) are state-of-the-art methods for selecting such high-quality examples, either via manual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Hao Zhao , Maksym Andriushchenko , Francesco Croce , Nicolas Flammarion

Large language models (LLMs) are a promising avenue for machine translation (MT). However, current LLM-based MT systems are brittle: their effectiveness highly depends on the choice of few-shot examples and they often require extra…

Large language models are first pre-trained on trillions of tokens and then instruction-tuned or aligned to specific preferences. While pre-training remains out of reach for most researchers due to the compute required, fine-tuning has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Megh Thakkar , Quentin Fournier , Matthew D Riemer , Pin-Yu Chen , Amal Zouaq , Payel Das , Sarath Chandar

Conventional Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) methods employ a fixed rank, imposing uniform adaptation across transformer layers and attention heads despite their heterogeneous learning dynamics. This paper introduces Adaptive Rank Dynamic LoRA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Haseeb Ullah Khan Shinwari , Muhammad Usama

Despite their improved capabilities in generation and reasoning, adapting large language models (LLMs) to the biomedical domain remains challenging due to their immense size and corporate privacy. In this work, we propose MedAdapter, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Wenqi Shi , Ran Xu , Yuchen Zhuang , Yue Yu , Haotian Sun , Hang Wu , Carl Yang , May D. Wang

Low-shot image classification, where training images are limited or inaccessible, has benefited from recent progress on pre-trained vision-language (VL) models with strong generalizability, e.g. CLIP. Prompt learning methods built with VL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Zhaoheng Zheng , Jingmin Wei , Xuefeng Hu , Haidong Zhu , Ram Nevatia

Perceiving and understanding non-speech sounds and non-verbal speech is essential to making decisions that help us interact with our surroundings. In this paper, we propose GAMA, a novel General-purpose Large Audio-Language Model (LALM)…

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is the prevailing approach for efficient large language model (LLM) fine-tuning. Building on this paradigm, recent studies have proposed alternative initialization strategies, architectural modifications, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yu-Ang Lee , Ching-Yun Ko , Pin-Yu Chen , Mi-Yen Yeh

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has been developed as an efficient approach for adapting large language models (LLMs) by fine-tuning two low-rank matrices, thereby reducing the number of trainable parameters. However, prior research indicates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Lin Mu , Xiaoyu Wang , Li Ni , Yang Li , Zhize Wu , Peiquan Jin , Yiwen Zhang

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) lowers the computational and memory overhead of fine-tuning large models by updating a low-dimensional subspace of the pre-trained weight matrix. Albeit efficient, LoRA exhibits suboptimal convergence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yilang Zhang , Bingcong Li , Georgios B. Giannakis