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Recent developments in large speech foundation models like Whisper have led to their widespread use in many automatic speech recognition (ASR) applications. These systems incorporate `special tokens' in their vocabulary, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Vyas Raina , Rao Ma , Charles McGhee , Kate Knill , Mark Gales

Speaker verification, as a biometric authentication mechanism, has been widely used due to the pervasiveness of voice control on smart devices. However, the task of "in-the-wild" speaker verification is still challenging, considering the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-27 Jianwei Tai , Xiaoqi Jia , Qingjia Huang , Weijuan Zhang , Haichao Du , Shengzhi Zhang

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable performance, but are also vulnerable to backdoor attacks whereby the adversary can manipulate the model's outputs through hidden triggers. Prior attacks primarily rely on single-modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Zhiyuan Zhong , Zhen Sun , Yepang Liu , Xinlei He , Guanhong Tao

We consider technology-assisted mimicry attacks in the context of automatic speaker verification (ASV). We use ASV itself to select targeted speakers to be attacked by human-based mimicry. We recorded 6 naive mimics for whom we select…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-12 Tomi Kinnunen , Rosa González Hautamäki , Ville Vestman , Md Sahidullah

Security of automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems is compromised by various spoofing attacks. While many types of non-proactive attacks (and their defenses) have been studied in the past, attacker's perspective on ASV, represents a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-21 Rohan Kumar Das , Xiaohai Tian , Tomi Kinnunen , Haizhou Li

Backdoor attacks pose a significant threat when using third-party data for deep learning development. In these attacks, data can be manipulated to cause a trained model to behave improperly when a specific trigger pattern is applied,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Abdullah Arafat Miah , Kaan Icer , Resit Sendag , Yu Bi

Thanks to recent advances in deep learning, sophisticated generation tools exist, nowadays, that produce extremely realistic synthetic speech. However, malicious uses of such tools are possible and likely, posing a serious threat to our…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Alessandro Pianese , Davide Cozzolino , Giovanni Poggi , Luisa Verdoliva

With the advances in deep learning, speaker verification has achieved very high accuracy and is gaining popularity as a type of biometric authentication option in many scenes of our daily life, especially the growing market of web services.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Ke Li , Cameron Baird , Dan Lin

Many approaches can derive information about a single speaker's identity from the speech by learning to recognize consistent characteristics of acoustic parameters. However, it is challenging to determine identity information when there are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-07 Hyewon Han , Soo-Whan Chung , Hong-Goo Kang

The recently proposed x-vector based anonymization scheme converts any input voice into that of a random pseudo-speaker. In this paper, we present a flexible pseudo-speaker selection technique as a baseline for the first VoicePrivacy…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-19 Brij Mohan Lal Srivastava , Natalia Tomashenko , Xin Wang , Emmanuel Vincent , Junichi Yamagishi , Mohamed Maouche , Aurélien Bellet , Marc Tommasi

Although biometric facial recognition systems are fast becoming part of security applications, these systems are still vulnerable to morphing attacks, in which a facial reference image can be verified as two or more separate identities. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Sobhan Soleymani , Baaria Chaudhary , Ali Dabouei , Jeremy Dawson , Nasser M. Nasrabadi

Deep learning models have consistently outperformed traditional machine learning models in various classification tasks, including image classification. As such, they have become increasingly prevalent in many real world applications…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Cong Liao , Haoti Zhong , Anna Squicciarini , Sencun Zhu , David Miller

Because state-of-the-art language models are expensive to train, most practitioners must make use of one of the few publicly available language models or language model APIs. This consolidation of trust increases the potency of backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Nikhil Kandpal , Matthew Jagielski , Florian Tramèr , Nicholas Carlini

The impact of voice disorders is becoming more widely acknowledged as a public health issue. Several machine learning-based classifiers with the potential to identify disorders have been used in recent studies to differentiate between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Gianpaolo Perelli , Andrea Panzino , Roberto Casula , Marco Micheletto , Giulia Orrù , Gian Luca Marcialis

Speaker verification (SV) provides billions of voice-enabled devices with access control, and ensures the security of voice-driven technologies. As a type of biometrics, it is necessary that SV is unbiased, with consistent and reliable…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-14 Wiebke Toussaint Hutiri , Lauriane Gorce , Aaron Yi Ding

The social media revolution has produced a plethora of web services to which users can easily upload and share multimedia documents. Despite the popularity and convenience of such services, the sharing of such inherently personal data,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-03 Fuming Fang , Xin Wang , Junichi Yamagishi , Isao Echizen , Massimiliano Todisco , Nicholas Evans , Jean-Francois Bonastre

Voice Processing Systems (VPSes), now widely deployed, have been made significantly more accurate through the application of recent advances in machine learning. However, adversarial machine learning has similarly advanced and has been used…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Hadi Abdullah , Washington Garcia , Christian Peeters , Patrick Traynor , Kevin R. B. Butler , Joseph Wilson

The widespread adoption of speech-based online services raises security and privacy concerns regarding the data that they use and share. If the data were compromised, attackers could exploit user speech to bypass speaker verification…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Ruibin Yuan , Yuxuan Wu , Jacob Li , Jaxter Kim

In this work, message authentication over noisy channels is studied. The model developed in this paper is the authentication theory counterpart of Wyner's wiretap channel model. Two types of opponent attacks, namely impersonation attacks…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-02-20 Lifeng Lai , Hesham El Gamal , H. Vincent Poor

The rapid growth of natural language processing (NLP) and pre-trained language models have enabled accurate text classification in a variety of settings. However, text classification models are susceptible to backdoor attacks, where an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-30 A. Dilara Yavuz , M. Emre Gursoy
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