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Transformer-based models have emerged as a leading architecture for natural language processing, natural language generation, and image generation tasks. A fundamental element of the transformer architecture is self-attention, which allows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Venmugil Elango

Attention is a very efficient way to model the relationship between two sequences by comparing how similar two intermediate representations are. Initially demonstrated in NMT, it is a standard in all NLU tasks today when efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Rajarshee Mitra

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved significant performance gains using advanced prompting techniques over various tasks. However, the increasing length of prompts leads to high computational costs and often obscures crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Eunseong Choi , Sunkyung Lee , Minjin Choi , June Park , Jongwuk Lee

Modern sequential recommender systems commonly use transformer-based models for next-item prediction. While these models demonstrate a strong balance between efficiency and quality, integrating interleaving features - such as the query…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Andrii Dzhoha , Alisa Mironenko , Evgeny Labzin , Vladimir Vlasov , Maarten Versteegh , Marjan Celikik

Self-attention based Transformer has demonstrated the state-of-the-art performances in a number of natural language processing tasks. Self-attention is able to model long-term dependencies, but it may suffer from the extraction of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Guangxiang Zhao , Junyang Lin , Zhiyuan Zhang , Xuancheng Ren , Qi Su , Xu Sun

This work shows how to improve and interpret the commonly used dual encoder model for response suggestion in dialogue. We present an attentive dual encoder model that includes an attention mechanism on top of the extracted word-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Yitong Li , Dianqi Li , Sushant Prakash , Peng Wang

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) especially deep convolutional networks are very popular these days and have been proved to successfully offer quite reliable solutions to many vision problems. However, the use of deep neural networks is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Yangzi Guo , Yiyuan She , Adrian Barbu

Resource-efficient convolution neural networks enable not only the intelligence on edge devices but also opportunities in system-level optimization such as scheduling. In this work, we aim to improve the performance of resource-constrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-19 Ting-Wu Chin , Cha Zhang , Diana Marculescu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered widespread attention due to their remarkable performance across various tasks. However, to mitigate the issue of hallucinations, LLMs often incorporate retrieval-augmented pipeline to provide them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Haowen Hou , Fei Ma , Binwen Bai , Xinxin Zhu , Fei Yu

Despite several successes in document understanding, the practical task for long document understanding is largely under-explored due to several challenges in computation and how to efficiently absorb long multimodal input. Most current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Hai Pham , Guoxin Wang , Yijuan Lu , Dinei Florencio , Cha Zhang

For multimodal large language models (MLLMs), visual information is relatively sparse compared with text. As a result, research on visual pruning emerges for efficient inference. Current approaches typically measure token importance based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jiameng Li , Aleksei Tiulpin , Matthew B. Blaschko

We study model pruning methods applied to Transformer-based neural network language models for automatic speech recognition. We explore three aspects of the pruning frame work, namely criterion, method and scheduler, analyzing their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Leonardo Emili , Thiago Fraga-Silva , Ernest Pusateri , Markus Nußbaum-Thom , Youssef Oualil

Despite the success of Transformers, handling long contexts remains challenging due to the limited length generalization and quadratic complexity of self-attention. Thus Transformers often require post-training with a larger attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Xiang Hu , Zhihao Teng , Jun Zhao , Wei Wu , Kewei Tu

With the development of pre-trained language models, the dense retrieval models have become promising alternatives to the traditional retrieval models that rely on exact match and sparse bag-of-words representations. Different from most…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Qi Liu , Gang Guo , Jiaxin Mao , Zhicheng Dou , Ji-Rong Wen , Hao Jiang , Xinyu Zhang , Zhao Cao

Outlier detection is a fundamental data science task with applications ranging from data cleaning to network security. Given the fundamental nature of the task, this has been the subject of much research. Recently, a new class of outlier…

Databases · Computer Science 2016-12-26 Jiongqian Liang , Srinivasan Parthasarathy

Real-time inference of vision-language-action (VLA) models is essential for robotic control. While visual token pruning has shown strong potential for accelerating inference, most existing methods mainly base pruning decisions on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Shilin Ma , Chubin Zhang , Changyuan Wang , Yuji Wang , Yue Wu , Zixuan Wang , Jingqi Tian , Zheng Zhu , Yansong Tang

Aligning general-purpose large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks often incurs significant training adjustment costs. Prior research has explored various avenues to enhance alignment efficiency, primarily through minimal-data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Hao Chen , Haoze Li , Zhiqing Xiao , Lirong Gao , Qi Zhang , Xiaomeng Hu , Ningtao Wang , Xing Fu , Junbo Zhao

Deep neural networks have been the predominant paradigm in machine learning for solving cognitive tasks. Such models, however, are restricted by a high computational overhead, limiting their applicability and hindering advancements in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Ian Pons , Bruno Yamamoto , Anna H. Reali Costa , Artur Jordao

Recent works in relation extraction (RE) have achieved promising benchmark accuracy; however, our adversarial attack experiments show that these works excessively rely on entities, making their generalization capability questionable. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Dawei Li , William Hogan , Jingbo Shang

Self-attention is a method of encoding sequences of vectors by relating these vectors to each-other based on pairwise similarities. These models have recently shown promising results for modeling discrete sequences, but they are non-trivial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Matthias Sperber , Jan Niehues , Graham Neubig , Sebastian Stüker , Alex Waibel