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Bayesian optimization (BO) has emerged during the last few years as an effective approach to optimizing black-box functions where direct queries of the objective are expensive. In this paper we consider the case where direct access to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-13 Javier Gonzalez , Zhenwen Dai , Andreas Damianou , Neil D. Lawrence

Preferential Bayesian Optimization (PBO) is a sample-efficient method to learn latent user utilities from preferential feedback over a pair of designs. It relies on a statistical surrogate model for the latent function, usually a Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-04 Xinyu Zhang , Daolang Huang , Samuel Kaski , Julien Martinelli

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a popular algorithm for solving challenging optimization tasks. It is designed for problems where the objective function is expensive to evaluate, perhaps not available in exact form, without gradient…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-22 Umberto Noè , Dirk Husmeier

Most research in Bayesian optimization (BO) has focused on \emph{direct feedback} scenarios, where one has access to exact values of some expensive-to-evaluate objective. This direction has been mainly driven by the use of BO in machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Eero Siivola , Akash Kumar Dhaka , Michael Riis Andersen , Javier Gonzalez , Pablo Garcia Moreno , Aki Vehtari

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a popular approach for expensive black-box optimization, with applications including parameter tuning, experimental design, robotics. BO usually models the objective function by a Gaussian process (GP), and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-22 Chao Qian , Hang Xiong , Ke Xue

Bayesian optimization (BO) has become an established framework and popular tool for hyperparameter optimization (HPO) of machine learning (ML) algorithms. While known for its sample-efficiency, vanilla BO can not utilize readily available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Carl Hvarfner , Danny Stoll , Artur Souza , Marius Lindauer , Frank Hutter , Luigi Nardi

Bayesian optimization is a powerful technique for optimizing expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions, consisting of two main components: a surrogate model and an acquisition function. In recent years, myopic acquisition functions have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Hui Chen , Xuhui Fan , Zhangkai Wu , Longbing Cao

The popularity of Bayesian Optimization (BO) to automate or support the commissioning of engineering systems is rising. Conventional BO, however, relies on the availability of a scalar objective function. The latter is often difficult to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Sander De Witte , Jeroen Taets , Andras Retzler , Guillaume Crevecoeur , Tom Lefebvre

We study the problem of preferential Bayesian optimization (BO), where we aim to optimize a black-box function with only preference feedback over a pair of candidate solutions. Inspired by the likelihood ratio idea, we construct a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Wenjie Xu , Wenbin Wang , Yuning Jiang , Bratislav Svetozarevic , Colin N. Jones

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a powerful paradigm for optimizing expensive black-box functions. Traditional BO methods typically rely on separate hand-crafted acquisition functions and surrogate models for the underlying function, and often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Fengxue Zhang , Yuxin Chen

Bayesian optimization is a sample-efficient approach to global optimization that relies on theoretically motivated value heuristics (acquisition functions) to guide its search process. Fully maximizing acquisition functions produces the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-04 James T. Wilson , Frank Hutter , Marc Peter Deisenroth

First Order Bayesian Optimization (FOBO) is a sample efficient sequential approach to find the global maxima of an expensive-to-evaluate black-box objective function by suitably querying for the function and its gradient evaluations. Such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Utkarsh Prakash , Aryan Chollera , Kushagra Khatwani , Prabuchandran K. J. , Tejas Bodas

We develop the framework of Indirect Query Bayesian Optimization (IQBO), a new class of Bayesian optimization problems where the integrated feedback is given via a conditional expectation of the unknown function $f$ to be optimized. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Mengyan Zhang , Shahine Bouabid , Cheng Soon Ong , Seth Flaxman , Dino Sejdinovic

Bayesian optimization is a popular black-box optimization method for parameter learning in control and robotics. It typically requires an objective function that reflects the user's optimization goal. However, in practical applications,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Johanna Menn , David Stenger , Sebastian Trimpe

Preferential Bayesian optimization (PBO) is a variant of Bayesian optimization that observes relative preferences (e.g., pairwise comparisons) instead of direct objective values, making it especially suitable for human-in-the-loop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Koki Iwai , Yusuke Kumagae , Yuki Koyama , Masahiro Hamasaki , Masataka Goto

The acquisition function, a critical component in Bayesian optimization (BO), can often be written as the expectation of a utility function under a surrogate model. However, to ensure that acquisition functions are tractable to optimize,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Jiaming Song , Lantao Yu , Willie Neiswanger , Stefano Ermon

Bayesian optimization (BO) is an effective approach to optimize expensive black-box functions, that seeks to trade-off between exploitation (selecting parameters where the maximum is likely) and exploration (selecting parameters where we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-19 Tristan Fauvel , Matthew Chalk

The knowledge gradient is a popular acquisition function in Bayesian optimization (BO) for optimizing black-box objectives with noisy function evaluations. Many practical settings, however, allow only pairwise comparison queries, yielding a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Kaiwen Wu , Jacob R. Gardner

Bayesian optimization is a sample-efficient method for finding a global optimum of an expensive-to-evaluate black-box function. A global solution is found by accumulating a pair of query point and its function value, repeating these two…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-17 Jungtaek Kim , Seungjin Choi

Bayesian optimization is a powerful optimization tool for problems where native first-order derivatives are unavailable. Recently, constrained Bayesian optimization (CBO) has been applied to many engineering applications where constraints…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-21 J. Wang , C. G. Petra , J. L. Peterson
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