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Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) quantum error-correcting codes are based on pairs of classical codes which are mutually dual containing. Explicit constructions of such codes for large blocklengths and with good error correcting properties are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-12 Zhicheng Luo

When visualised as an operation on the Bloch sphere, the qubit "pi-over-eight" gate corresponds to one-eighth of a complete rotation about the vertical axis. This simple gate often plays an important role in quantum information theory,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-17 Mark Howard , Jiri Vala

We propose a scheme for the fault-tolerant implementation of arbitrary Clifford circuits. To achieve this, we extend previous work on flag gadgets for syndrome extraction to a general framework that flags any Clifford circuit. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Benjamin Anker , Milad Marvian

Fault-tolerant quantum computation using quantum error-correcting codes requires fault-tolerant constructions of nontransversal gates. Shor proposed a fault-tolerant construction of a nontransversal gate, i.e., the Toffoli gate for a family…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-18 Daisuke Aratsu

The quantum stabilizer formalism became foundational for understanding error correction soon after the realization of the first useful quantum error correction codes. Stabilizers provide a way to describe sets of quantum states which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Sean Garner , Chenxu Liu , Meng Wang , Samuel Stein , Ang Li

Certain types of quantum computing platforms, such as those realized using Rydberg atoms or Kerr-cat qubits, are natively more susceptible to Pauli-Z noise than Pauli-X noise, or vice versa. On such hardware, it is useful to ensure that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Debadrito Roy , Aryaman Manish Kolhe , V. Lalitha , Navin Kashyap

Quantum error-correcting codes are essential to the implementation of fault-tolerant quantum computation. Homological products of classical codes offer a versatile framework for constructing quantum error-correcting codes with desirable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Esther Xiaozhen Fu , Han Zheng , Zimu Li , Zi-Wen Liu

The Clifford hierarchy is a foundational concept for universal quantum computation (UQC). It was introduced to show that UQC can be realized via quantum teleportation, given access to certain standard resources. While the full structure of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-12 Narayanan Rengaswamy , Robert Calderbank , Henry D. Pfister

Locality-preserving logical operators in topological codes are naturally fault-tolerant, since they preserve the correctability of local errors. Using a correspondence between such operators and gapped domain walls, we describe a procedure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-26 Paul Webster , Stephen D. Bartlett

We discuss a method to adapt the codeword stabilized (CWS) quantum code framework to the problem of finding asymmetric quantum codes. We focus on the corresponding Pauli error models for amplitude damping noise and phase damping noise. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-31 Tyler Jackson , Markus Grassl , Bei Zeng

Quantum error correction is critical to the design and manufacture of scalable quantum computing systems. Recently, there has been growing interest in quantum low-density parity-check codes as a resource-efficient alternative to surface…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Boren Gu , Andy Zeyi Liu , Armanda O. Quintavalle , Qian Xu , Jens Eisert , Joschka Roffe

We estimate the success probability of quantum protocols composed of Clifford operations in the presence of Pauli errors. Our method is derived from the fault-point formalism previously used to determine the success rate of low-distance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-26 Smitha Janardan , Yu Tomita , Mauricio Gutierrez , Kenneth R. Brown

Given some group $G$ of logical gates, for instance the Clifford group, what are the quantum encodings for which these logical gates can be implemented by simple physical operations, described by some physical representation of $G$? We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-10 Aurélie Denys , Anthony Leverrier

Hypergraph product codes are a class of quantum low density parity check (LDPC) codes discovered by Tillich and Z\'emor. These codes have a constant encoding rate and were recently shown to have a constant fault-tolerant error threshold.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-10 Anirudh Krishna , David Poulin

The disjointness of a stabilizer code is a quantity used to constrain the level of the logical Clifford hierarchy attainable by transversal gates and constant-depth quantum circuits. We show that for any positive integer constant $c$, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 John Bostanci , Aleksander Kubica

In this work, we introduce constructions for non-Abelian qLDPC codes obtained by gauging transversal Clifford gates using measurement and feedback. In particular, we identify two qualitatively different approaches to gauging qLDPC codes to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Maine Christos , Chiu Fan Bowen Lo , Vedika Khemani , Rahul Sahay

Quantum computers promise to solve problems that are intractable for classical computers, but qubits are vulnerable to many sources of error, limiting the depth of the circuits that can be reliably executed on today's quantum hardware.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 Daniel Honciuc Menendez , Annie Ray , Michael Vasmer

Coherent errors are a dominant noise process in many quantum computing architectures. Unlike stochastic errors, these errors can combine constructively and grow into highly detrimental overrotations. To combat this, we introduce a simple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-26 Dripto Debroy , Muyuan Li , Michael Newman , Kenneth R. Brown

We provide a recursively defined sequence of flag circuits which will detect logical errors induced by non-fault-tolerant $R_{\overline{Z}}(\frac{\pi}{2^l})$ gates on CSS codes with a fault distance of two. As applications, we give a family…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-26 Shival Dasu , Ben Criger

Logical gates constitute the building blocks of fault-tolerant quantum computation. While quantum error-corrected memories have been extensively studied in the literature, explicit constructions and detailed analyses of thresholds and…

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