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Many vision-related tasks benefit from reasoning over multiple modalities to leverage complementary views of data in an attempt to learn robust embedding spaces. Most deep learning-based methods rely on a late fusion technique whereby…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Austin Reiter , Menglin Jia , Pu Yang , Ser-Nam Lim

Real-world federated learning faces two key challenges: limited access to labelled data and the presence of heterogeneous multi-modal inputs. This paper proposes TACTFL, a unified framework for semi-supervised multi-modal federated…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Guanxiong Sun , Majid Mirmehdi , Zahraa Abdallah , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Ian Craddock , Telmo de Menezes e Silva Filho

Federated learning is an approach to train machine learning models on the edge of the networks, as close as possible where the data is produced, motivated by the emerging problem of the inability to stream and centrally store the large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Kuo-Yun Liang , Abhishek Srinivasan , Juan Carlos Andresen

Multimodal learning typically relies on the assumption that all modalities are fully available during both the training and inference phases. However, in real-world scenarios, consistently acquiring complete multimodal data presents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Donggeun Kim , Taesup Kim

Machine learning methods for estimating heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) facilitate large-scale personalized decision-making across various domains such as healthcare, policy making, education, and more. Current machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Disha Makhija , Joydeep Ghosh , Yejin Kim

Multimodal learning aims to imitate human beings to acquire complementary information from multiple modalities for various downstream tasks. However, traditional aggregation-based multimodal fusion methods ignore the inter-modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Heqing Zou , Meng Shen , Chen Chen , Yuchen Hu , Deepu Rajan , Eng Siong Chng

Multimodal federated learning (MFL) is a distributed framework for training multimodal models without uploading local multimodal data of clients, thereby effectively protecting client privacy. However, multimodal data is commonly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Xuefeng Han , Wen Chen , Jun Li , Ming Ding , Qingqing Wu , Kang Wei , Xiumei Deng , Yumeng Shao , Qiong Wu

Federated learning has attracted significant attention as a privacy-preserving framework for training personalised models on multi-source heterogeneous data. However, most existing approaches are unable to handle scenarios where subgroup…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-14 Changxin Yang , Zhongyi Zhu , Heng Lian

Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple nodes to collaboratively train a model without sharing raw data. However, FL systems are usually deployed in heterogeneous scenarios, where nodes differ in both data distributions and participation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Hongliang Zhang , Jiguo Yu , Guijuan Wang , Wenshuo Ma , Tianqing He , Baobao Chai , Chunqiang Hu

Federated Learning (FL) is a method of training machine learning models on private data distributed over a large number of possibly heterogeneous clients such as mobile phones and IoT devices. In this work, we propose a new federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Enmao Diao , Jie Ding , Vahid Tarokh

Federated learning (FL) enables privacy-preserving collaborative training across distributed edge devices, but real deployments involve heterogeneous clients with different processing power, memory capacity, and communication latency, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Beyazit Bestami Yuksel , Emrah Dikbiyik

Unsupervised pre-training has shown great success in skeleton-based action understanding recently. Existing works typically train separate modality-specific models, then integrate the multi-modal information for action understanding by a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Shengkai Sun , Daizong Liu , Jianfeng Dong , Xiaoye Qu , Junyu Gao , Xun Yang , Xun Wang , Meng Wang

Multimodal information (e.g., visual, acoustic, and textual) has been widely used to enhance representation learning for micro-video recommendation. For integrating multimodal information into a joint representation of micro-video,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Han Liu , Yinwei Wei , Fan Liu , Wenjie Wang , Liqiang Nie , Tat-Seng Chua

Federated learning (FL) enables on-device training over distributed networks consisting of a massive amount of modern smart devices, such as smartphones and IoT (Internet of Things) devices. However, the leading optimization algorithm in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Xin Yao , Tianchi Huang , Chenglei Wu , Rui-Xiao Zhang , Lifeng Sun

Conventional federated learning (FL) frameworks often suffer from training degradation due to data uncertainty and heterogeneity across local clients. Probabilistic approaches such as Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) can mitigate this issue…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Ratun Rahman , Dinh C. Nguyen

Federated learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning paradigm in which multiple clients collaboratively train a shared model without sharing their local private data. However, real-world applications of FL frequently encounter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zhekai Zhou , Shudong Liu , Zhaokun Zhou , Yang Liu , Qiang Yang , Yuesheng Zhu , Guibo Luo

Despite the remarkable performance of deep models in medical imaging, they still require source data for training, which limits their potential in light of privacy concerns. Federated learning (FL), as a decentralized learning framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Yihang Wu , Ahmad Chaddad

Multimodal federated learning (FL) aims to enrich model training in FL settings where devices are collecting measurements across multiple modalities (e.g., sensors measuring pressure, motion, and other types of data). However, key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Liangqi Yuan , Dong-Jun Han , Vishnu Pandi Chellapandi , Stanislaw H. Żak , Christopher G. Brinton

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized medical institutions while preserving data privacy. However, medical FL benchmarks remain scarce, with existing efforts focusing mainly on unimodal or bimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Aavash Chhetri , Bibek Niroula , Pratik Shrestha , Yash Raj Shrestha , Lesley A Anderson , Prashnna K Gyawali , Loris Bazzani , Binod Bhattarai

Existing federated learning (FL) studies usually assume the training label space and test label space are identical. However, in real-world applications, this assumption is too ideal to be true. A new user could come up with queries that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Huimin Zeng , Zhenrui Yue , Dong Wang