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Background: Large language models (LLMs) have seen extraordinary advances with applications in clinical decision support. However, high-quality evidence is urgently needed on the potential and limitation of LLMs in providing accurate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Yuxing Zhi , Yuan Guo , Kai Yuan , Hesong Wang , Heng Xu , Haina Yao , Albert C Yang , Guangrui Huang , Yuping Duan

Machine learning (ML) components are increasingly integrated into software products, yet their complexity and inherent uncertainty often lead to unintended and hazardous consequences, both for individuals and society at large. Despite these…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Yining Hong , Christopher S. Timperley , Christian Kästner

The widespread integration of autoregressive-large language models (AR-LLMs), such as ChatGPT, across established applications, like search engines, has introduced critical vulnerabilities with uniquely scalable characteristics. In this…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Andreas Tsamados , Luciano Floridi , Mariarosaria Taddeo

This paper describes the systems submitted by team6 for ChatEval, the DSTC 11 Track 4 competition. We present three different approaches to predicting turn-level qualities of chatbot responses based on large language models (LLMs). We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Ondřej Plátek , Vojtěch Hudeček , Patricia Schmidtová , Mateusz Lango , Ondřej Dušek

Large Language Models have seen rapid progress in capability in recent years; this progress has been accelerating and their capabilities, measured by various benchmarks, are beginning to approach those of humans. There is a strong demand to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Brett Israelsen , Soumalya Sarkar

Recent breakthroughs in Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GPT-3 and Codex, now enable software developers to generate code based on a natural language prompt. Within computer science education, researchers are exploring the potential…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Stephen MacNeil , Andrew Tran , Juho Leinonen , Paul Denny , Joanne Kim , Arto Hellas , Seth Bernstein , Sami Sarsa

Gestures perform a variety of communicative functions that powerfully influence human face-to-face interaction. How this communicative function is achieved varies greatly between individuals and depends on the role of the speaker and the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Laura B. Hensel , Nutchanon Yongsatianchot , Parisa Torshizi , Elena Minucci , Stacy Marsella

Security vulnerabilities are increasingly prevalent in modern software and they are widely consequential to our society. Various approaches to defending against these vulnerabilities have been proposed, among which those leveraging deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Yu Nong , Mohammed Aldeen , Long Cheng , Hongxin Hu , Feng Chen , Haipeng Cai

Background: Log messages provide valuable information about the status of software systems. This information is provided in an unstructured fashion and automated approaches are applied to extract relevant parameters. To ease this process,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Merve Astekin , Max Hort , Leon Moonen

This paper assesses the potential for the large language models (LLMs) GPT-4 and GPT-3.5 to aid in deriving insight from education feedback surveys. Exploration of LLM use cases in education has focused on teaching and learning, with less…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Michael J. Parker , Caitlin Anderson , Claire Stone , YeaRim Oh

In many safety-critical engineering domains, hazard analysis techniques are an essential part of requirement elicitation. Of the methods proposed for this task, STPA (System-Theoretic Process Analysis) represents a relatively recent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Ali Raeisdanaei , Juho Kim , Michael Liao , Sparsh Kochhar

Automatic evaluation is an integral aspect of dialogue system research. The traditional reference-based NLG metrics are generally found to be unsuitable for dialogue assessment. Consequently, recent studies have suggested various unique,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Chen Zhang , Luis Fernando D'Haro , Yiming Chen , Malu Zhang , Haizhou Li

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language understanding and generation, leading to extensive benchmarking across diverse tasks. However, cryptanalysis - a critical area for data security and its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Utsav Maskey , Chencheng Zhu , Usman Naseem

Construction remains one of the most hazardous sectors. Recent advancements in AI, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), offer promising opportunities for enhancing workplace safety. However, responsible integration of LLMs requires…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Farouq Sammour , Jia Xu , Xi Wang , Mo Hu , Zhenyu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents have been widely deployed in a wide range of applications in the real world, including healthcare diagnostics, financial analysis, customer support, robotics, and autonomous driving,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Wenrui Xu , Keshab K. Parhi

The deployment of autonomous robots in various domains has raised significant concerns about their trustworthiness and accountability. This study explores the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in analyzing ROS 2 logs generated by…

With the advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), their application in Software Quality Assurance (SQA) has increased. However, the current focus of these applications is predominantly on ChatGPT. There remains a gap in understanding…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Ratnadira Widyasari , David Lo , Lizi Liao

With the recent advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT from OpenAI, BARD from Google, Llama2 from Meta, and Claude from Anthropic AI, gain widespread use, ensuring their security and robustness is critical. The widespread…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Sonali Singh , Faranak Abri , Akbar Siami Namin

Coverage of ChatGPT-style large language models (LLMs) in the media has focused on their eye-catching achievements, including solving advanced mathematical problems and reaching expert proficiency in medical examinations. But the gradual…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Djavan De Clercq , Elias Nehring , Harry Mayne , Adam Mahdi

In high-stake environments like emergency response or elder care, the integration of large language model (LLM), revolutionize risk assessment, resource allocation, and emergency responses in Human Activity Recognition (HAR) systems by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Syed Mhamudul Hasan