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Related papers: IRFL: Image Recognition of Figurative Language

200 papers

Computer vision often treats human perception as homogeneous: an implicit assumption that visual stimuli are perceived similarly by everyone. This assumption is reflected in the way researchers collect datasets and train vision models. By…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Andre Ye , Sebastin Santy , Jena D. Hwang , Amy X. Zhang , Ranjay Krishna

We present a comprehensive evaluation of the ability of large language models (LLMs) to process culturally grounded language, specifically to understand and pragmatically use figurative expressions that encode local knowledge and cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Mena Attia , Aashiq Muhamed , Mai Alkhamissi , Thamar Solorio , Mona Diab

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become a powerful tool for integrating visual and textual information. Despite their exceptional performance on visual understanding benchmarks, measuring their ability to reason abstractly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Nilay Yilmaz , Maitreya Patel , Yiran Lawrence Luo , Tejas Gokhale , Chitta Baral , Suren Jayasuriya , Yezhou Yang

Humans describe images in terms of nouns and adjectives while algorithms operate on images represented as sets of pixels. Bridging this gap between how humans would like to access images versus their typical representation is the goal of…

Metaphor is a pervasive feature of discourse and a powerful lens for examining cognition, emotion, and ideology. Large-scale analysis, however, has been constrained by the need for manual annotation due to the context-sensitive nature of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Matteo Fuoli , Weihang Huang , Jeannette Littlemore , Sarah Turner , Ellen Wilding

The ability to integrate context, including perceptual and temporal cues, plays a pivotal role in grounding the meaning of a linguistic utterance. In order to measure to what extent current vision-and-language models master this ability, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Benno Krojer , Vaibhav Adlakha , Vibhav Vineet , Yash Goyal , Edoardo Ponti , Siva Reddy

In-context learning (ICL) facilitates Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibiting emergent ability on downstream tasks without updating billions of parameters. However, in the area of multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), two problems…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jun Gao , Qian Qiao , Ziqiang Cao , Zili Wang , Wenjie Li

Despite significant advancements in image segmentation and object detection, understanding complex scenes remains a significant challenge. Here, we focus on graphical humor as a paradigmatic example of image interpretation that requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Vedaant Jain , Felipe dos Santos Alves Feitosa , Gabriel Kreiman

We introduce VisualQuest, a novel dataset designed to rigorously evaluate multimodal large language models (MLLMs) on abstract visual reasoning tasks that require the integration of symbolic, cultural, and linguistic knowledge. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Kelaiti Xiao , Liang Yang , Dongyu Zhang , Paerhati Tulajiang , Hongfei Lin

Metaphors fundamentally shape how we reason about complex issues like artificial intelligence, yet current approaches to metaphor analysis in political discourse suffer from inconsistent definitions and methodologies. This paper introduces…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Daniel Stone

This paper proposes a multimodal emotion recognition system based on hybrid fusion that classifies the emotions depicted by speech utterances and corresponding images into discrete classes. A new interpretability technique has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Puneet Kumar , Sarthak Malik , Balasubramanian Raman

In many science papers, "Figure 1" serves as the primary visual summary of the core research idea. These figures are visually simple yet conceptually rich, often requiring significant effort and iteration by human authors to get right,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yaohan Guan , Pristina Wang , Najim Dehak , Alan Yuille , Jieneng Chen , Daniel Khashabi

Sound symbolism is a linguistic concept that refers to non-arbitrary associations between phonetic forms and their meanings. We suggest that this can be a compelling probe into how Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) interpret auditory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Jinhong Jeong , Sunghyun Lee , Jaeyoung Lee , Seonah Han , Youngjae Yu

Affective reactions have deep biological foundations, however in humans the development of emotion concepts is also shaped by language and higher-order cognition. A recent breakthrough in AI has been the creation of multimodal language…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Zaira Romeo , Alberto Testolin

Natural language and visualization are being increasingly deployed together for supporting data analysis in different ways, from multimodal interaction to enriched data summaries and insights. Yet, researchers still lack systematic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Rafael Henkin , Cagatay Turkay

Humans no doubt use language to communicate about their emotional experiences, but does language in turn help humans understand emotions, or is language just a vehicle of communication? This study used a form of artificial intelligence (AI)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Ming Li , Yusheng Su , Hsiu-Yuan Huang , Jiali Cheng , Xin Hu , Xinmiao Zhang , Huadong Wang , Yujia Qin , Xiaozhi Wang , Kristen A. Lindquist , Zhiyuan Liu , Dan Zhang

Rapid advancements in Visual Language Models (VLMs) have transformed multimodal understanding but are often constrained by generating English responses regardless of the input language. This phenomenon has been termed as Image-induced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Iñigo Pikabea , Iñaki Lacunza , Oriol Pareras , Carlos Escolano , Aitor Gonzalez-Agirre , Javier Hernando , Marta Villegas

Affect recognition, encompassing emotions, moods, and feelings, plays a pivotal role in human communication. In the realm of conversational artificial intelligence, the ability to discern and respond to human affective cues is a critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Shutong Feng , Guangzhi Sun , Nurul Lubis , Wen Wu , Chao Zhang , Milica Gašić

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are trained on vast amounts of data captured by humans emulating our understanding of the world. However, known as visual illusions, human's perception of reality isn't always faithful to the physical world.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Yichi Zhang , Jiayi Pan , Yuchen Zhou , Rui Pan , Joyce Chai

Most current approaches to metaphor identification use restricted linguistic contexts, e.g. by considering only a verb's arguments or the sentence containing a phrase. Inspired by pragmatic accounts of metaphor, we argue that broader…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Jesse Mu , Helen Yannakoudakis , Ekaterina Shutova