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In many applications, survey data are collected from different survey centers in different regions. It happens that in some circumstances, response variables are completely observed while the covariates have missing values. In this paper,…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-07 Zhihua Ma , Guanyu Hu , Ming-Hui Chen

Standard simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) models typically assume normally distributed errors, an assumption often violated in real-world datasets that frequently exhibit non-normal, skewed, or heavy-tailed characteristics. New SAR models…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-16 Anjana Wijayawardhana , David Gunawan , Thomas Suesse

The INLA package provides a tool for computationally efficient Bayesian modeling and inference for various widely used models, more formally the class of latent Gaussian models. It is a non-sampling based framework which provides…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-26 Janet van Niekerk , Haakon Bakka , Haavard Rue , Olaf Schenk

An increasing number of large-scale multi-modal research initiatives has been conducted in the typically developing population, as well as in psychiatric cohorts. Missing data is a common problem in such datasets due to the difficulty of…

Pre-trained machine learning (ML) predictions have been increasingly used to complement incomplete data to enable downstream scientific inquiries, but their naive integration risks biased inferences. Recently, multiple methods have been…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-12 Xingran Chen , Tyler McCormick , Bhramar Mukherjee , Zhenke Wu

It is becoming increasingly common for researchers to consider incorporating external information from large studies to improve the accuracy of statistical inference instead of relying on a modestly sized dataset collected internally. With…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-20 Tian Gu , Jeremy M. G. Taylor , Bhramar Mukherjee

In many applications, researchers seek to identify overlapping entities across multiple data files. Record linkage algorithms facilitate this task, in the absence of unique identifiers. As these algorithms rely on semi-identifying…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-24 Gauri Kamat , Roee Gutman

Missing data is a common challenge in biomedical research. This fact, along with growing dataset volumes of the modern era, make the issue of computationally-efficient analysis with missing data of crucial practical importance. A general…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-22 Giorgos Bakoyannis , Philani B. Mpofu , Andrea Broyles , Brian B. Dixon

How to deal with missing data in observational studies is a common concern for causal inference. When the covariates are missing at random (MAR), multiple approaches have been provided to help solve the issue. However, if the exposure is…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-14 Yuliang Shi , Yeying Zhu , Joel A. Dubin

Supervised learning methods with missing data have been extensively studied not just due to the techniques related to low-rank matrix completion. Also in unsupervised learning one often relies on imputation methods. As a matter of fact,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-27 Andreas Elsener , Sara van de Geer

In latent variable models the parameter estimation can be implemented by using the joint or the marginal likelihood, based on independence or conditional independence assumptions. The same dilemma occurs within the Bayesian framework with…

Computation · Statistics 2014-09-18 Silia Vitoratou , Ioannis Ntzoufras , Irini Moustaki

Health economic evaluations based on patient-level data collected alongside clinical trials~(e.g. health related quality of life and resource use measures) are an important component of the process which informs resource allocation…

Applications · Statistics 2020-05-25 Andrea Gabrio , Rachael Hunter , Alexina J. Mason , Gianluca Baio

The use of flexible machine-learning (ML) models to generate imputations of missing data within the framework of Multiple Imputation (MI) has recently gained traction, particularly in observational settings. For randomised controlled trials…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-07 Mia S. Tackney , Jonathan W. Bartlett , Elizabeth Williamson , Kim May Lee

Joint modeling technique is a recent advancement in effectively analyzing the longitudinal history of patients with the occurrence of an event of interest attached to it. This procedure is successfully implemented in biomarker studies to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-08 Gajendra K. Vishwakarma , Atanu Bhattacharjee , Souvik Banerjee

Missing data are ubiquitous in medical research. Although there is increasing guidance on how to handle missing data, practice is changing slowly and misapprehensions abound, particularly in observational research. We present a practical…

Measurement error in multinomial data is a well-known and well-studied inferential problem that is encountered in many fields, including engineering, biomedical and omics research, ecology, finance, official statistics, and social sciences.…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-15 Matthew D. Koslovsky , Andee Kaplan , Victoria A. Terranova , Mevin B. Hooten

Blockwise missing data occurs frequently when we integrate multisource or multimodality data where different sources or modalities contain complementary information. In this paper, we consider a high-dimensional linear regression model with…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-30 Fei Xue , Rong Ma , Hongzhe Li

Missing data is a common problem in medical research, and is commonly addressed using multiple imputation. Although traditional imputation methods allow for valid statistical inference when data are missing at random (MAR), their…

An efficient monotone data augmentation (MDA) algorithm is proposed for missing data imputation for incomplete multivariate nonnormal data that may contain variables of different types, and are modeled by a sequence of regression models…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-11-21 Yongqiang Tang

This tutorial aims to provide signal processing (SP) and machine learning (ML) practitioners with vital tools, in an accessible way, to answer the question: How to deal with missing data? There are many strategies to handle incomplete…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Alexandre Hippert-Ferrer , Aude Sportisse , Amirhossein Javaheri , Mohammed Nabil El Korso , Daniel P. Palomar