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Robots that navigate among pedestrians use collision avoidance algorithms to enable safe and efficient operation. Recent works present deep reinforcement learning as a framework to model the complex interactions and cooperation. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Michael Everett , Yu Fan Chen , Jonathan P. How

Model ensemble is a useful approach in reinforcement learning (RL) for training effective agents. Despite wide success of RL, training effective agents remains difficult due to the multitude of factors requiring careful tuning, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yiwen Song , Qianyue Hao , Qingmin Liao , Jian Yuan , Yong Li

Radiation therapy treatment planning requires balancing the delivery of the target dose while sparing normal tissues, making it a complex process. To streamline the planning process and enhance its quality, there is a growing demand for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-14 Yi Lin , Yanfei Liu , Hao Chen , Xin Yang , Kai Ma , Yefeng Zheng , Kwang-Ting Cheng

Latent structure methods, specifically linear continuous latent structure methods, are a type of fundamental statistical learning strategy. They are widely used for dimension reduction, regression and prediction, in the fields of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-07 Clara Grazian , Qian Jin , Pierre Lafaye De Micheaux

Planning-based reinforcement learning has shown strong performance in tasks in discrete and low-dimensional continuous action spaces. However, planning usually brings significant computational overhead for decision-making, and scaling such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Zhengyao Jiang , Tianjun Zhang , Michael Janner , Yueying Li , Tim Rocktäschel , Edward Grefenstette , Yuandong Tian

This paper presents a sampling-based motion planning framework that leverages the geometry of obstacles in a workspace as well as prior experiences from motion planning problems. Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of utilizing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Keita Kobashi , Changhao Wang , Yu Zhao , Hsien-Chung Lin , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Learning-based methods have shown promising performance for accelerating motion planning, but mostly in the setting of static environments. For the more challenging problem of planning in dynamic environments, such as multi-arm assembly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Ruipeng Zhang , Chenning Yu , Jingkai Chen , Chuchu Fan , Sicun Gao

While language reasoning models excel in many tasks, visual reasoning remains challenging for current large multimodal models (LMMs). As a result, most LMMs default to verbalizing perceptual content into text, a strong limitation for tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 André G. Viveiros , Nuno Gonçalves , Matthias Lindemann , André Martins

Generative models are spearheading recent progress in deep learning, showcasing strong promise for trajectory sampling in dynamical systems as well. However, whereas latent space modeling paradigms have transformed image and video…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Florian Sestak , Artur Toshev , Andreas Fürst , Günter Klambauer , Andreas Mayr , Johannes Brandstetter

We study the energy minimization problem in low-level vision tasks from a novel perspective. We replace the heuristic regularization term with a learnable subspace constraint, and preserve the data term to exploit domain knowledge derived…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Chengzhou Tang , Lu Yuan , Ping Tan

Enabling robots to autonomously discover high-level spatial concepts (e.g., rooms and walls) from primitive geometric observations (e.g., planar surfaces) within 3D Scene Graphs is essential for robust indoor navigation and mapping. These…

Hierarchical learning has been successful at learning generalizable locomotion skills on walking robots in a sample-efficient manner. However, the low-dimensional "latent" action used to communicate between two layers of the hierarchy is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Tianyu Li , Roberto Calandra , Deepak Pathak , Yuandong Tian , Franziska Meier , Akshara Rai

We propose the Selective Densification method for fast motion planning through configuration space. We create a sequence of roadmaps by iteratively adding configurations. We organize these roadmaps into layers and add edges between…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Brad Saund , Dmitry Berenson

An AI system for professional floor plan design must precisely control room dimensions and areas while respecting the desired connectivity between rooms and maintaining functional and aesthetic quality. Existing generative approaches focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Luis Lara , Aristides Milios , Zhi Hao Luo , Aditya Sharma , Ge Ya Luo , Christopher Beckham , Florian Golemo , Christopher Pal

The process of learning a manipulation task depends strongly on the action space used for exploration: posed in the incorrect action space, solving a task with reinforcement learning can be drastically inefficient. Additionally, similar…

It is difficult to create robust, reusable, and reactive behaviors for robots that can be easily extended and combined. Frameworks such as Behavior Trees are flexible but difficult to characterize, especially when designing reactions and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Chris Paxton , Nathan Ratliff , Clemens Eppner , Dieter Fox

Demonstrations provide insight into relevant state or action space regions, bearing great potential to boost the efficiency and practicality of reinforcement learning agents. In this work, we propose to leverage demonstration datasets by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Jonas Gehring , Deepak Gopinath , Jungdam Won , Andreas Krause , Gabriel Synnaeve , Nicolas Usunier

Building deep reinforcement learning agents that can generalize and adapt to unseen environments remains a fundamental challenge for AI. This paper describes progresses on this challenge in the context of man-made environments, which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-01 Yi Wu , Yuxin Wu , Aviv Tamar , Stuart Russell , Georgia Gkioxari , Yuandong Tian

Spatial reasoning in large language models (LLMs) has gained increasing attention due to applications in navigation and planning. Despite strong general language capabilities, LLMs still struggle with spatial transformations and multi-step…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Amir Tahmasbi , Sadegh Majidi , Kazem Taram , Aniket Bera

While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made groundbreaking progress in embodied intelligence, they still face significant challenges in spatial reasoning for complex long-horizon tasks. To address this gap, we propose…